{"id":9251,"date":"2015-11-11T18:28:38","date_gmt":"2015-11-11T17:28:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=9251"},"modified":"2015-11-11T18:28:38","modified_gmt":"2015-11-11T17:28:38","slug":"la-nasa-aurait-repere-des-volcans-de-glace-sur-pluton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-nasa-aurait-repere-des-volcans-de-glace-sur-pluton\/","title":{"rendered":"La Nasa aurait rep\u00e9r\u00e9 des volcans de glace sur Pluton"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il faut maintenant attendre de mieux conna\u00eetre la composition des mat\u00e9riaux observ\u00e9s pour en savoir plus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L&rsquo;analyse des images captur\u00e9es en juillet 2015\u00a0par la sonde New Horizons viennent de livrer de nouvelles surprises. Les scientifiques qui travaillent sur cette mission de la Nasa, lanc\u00e9e il y a neuf ans et charg\u00e9e de survoler Pluton, pensent avoir rep\u00e9r\u00e9 des volcans de glace (aussi appel\u00e9s cryovolcans) \u00e0 la surface de la plan\u00e8te naine.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00abCe sont de grandes montagnes avec un gros trou \u00e0 leur sommet. Sur Terre, cela ne d\u00e9signe g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement qu&rsquo;une seule chose: un volcan\u00bb, explique Oliver White, un membre de l&rsquo;\u00e9quipe scientifique de la mission New Horizons.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-volcan.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9252\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-nasa-aurait-repere-des-volcans-de-glace-sur-pluton\/pluton-volcan\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-volcan.jpg?fit=960%2C720&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"960,720\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"pluton-volcan\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-volcan.jpg?fit=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9252\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-volcan.jpg?resize=960%2C720\" alt=\"pluton-volcan\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-volcan.jpg?w=960&amp;ssl=1 960w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-volcan.jpg?resize=80%2C60&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-volcan.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-volcan.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-volcan.jpg?resize=174%2C131&amp;ssl=1 174w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-volcan.jpg?resize=70%2C53&amp;ssl=1 70w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle des deux volcans sur Pluton.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les deux volcans de glace pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 provisoirement nomm\u00e9s Wright Mons et Piccard Mons. Le premier s&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 3.219 m\u00e8tres, le second \u00e0 5.633 m\u00e8tres, soit un peu moins que l&rsquo;Everest (8.848 m\u00e8tres), l&rsquo;une des plus hautes montages sur Terre.<br \/>\n\u00c0 leur sommet, les scientifiques ont rep\u00e9r\u00e9 deux grands trous qui pourraient ressembler \u00e0 des crat\u00e8res volcaniques. Contrairement aux volcans terrestres, ces deux-l\u00e0 ne rej\u00e8teraient pas de la lave ou des cendres, mais un concentr\u00e9 probablement constitu\u00e9 de glace, d&rsquo;azote, d&rsquo;ammoniac ou de m\u00e9thane.<\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Selon les scientifiques, la proximit\u00e9 entre ces deux montagnes pourrait \u00eatre synonyme d&rsquo;une pr\u00e9sence encore plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e de volcans de glace au-del\u00e0 de la zone survol\u00e9e et photographi\u00e9e par la sonde New Horizons.<\/p>\n<p>Mais, pour l&rsquo;heure, les scientifiques pr\u00e9f\u00e8rent rester prudents. Pour confirmer qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit bel et bien de volcans de glace, il faudra attendre de mieux conna\u00eetre la composition des mat\u00e9riaux observ\u00e9s. Peut-\u00eatre que ces nouvelles analyses permettront de comprendre davantage l&rsquo;histoire g\u00e9ologique de cette plan\u00e8te qui r\u00e9serve encore de nombreux myst\u00e8res pour la science.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Toutes les donn\u00e9es enregistr\u00e9es par la sonde New Horizons lors de son survol de la plan\u00e8te naine, en juillet dernier, n&rsquo;ont pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9es. Seulement 20% des donn\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 transmises aux \u00e9quipes de la mission sur Terre, explique la BBC.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Si cette transmission de donn\u00e9es prend autant de temps, c&rsquo;est \u00e0 cause de la distance importante qui s\u00e9pare la sonde des \u00e9quipes au sol. Mais \u00e9galement parce les r\u00e9seaux de communication de la Nasa install\u00e9s dans l&rsquo;espace doivent \u00eatre partag\u00e9s entre les diff\u00e9rentes missions de l&rsquo;agence spatiale qui doivent \u00e9galement transf\u00e9rer leurs donn\u00e9es sur Terre.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/\" target=\"_blank\">TDF<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">source :<a href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u00a0http:\/\/www.slate.fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"9251\">(348)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Il faut maintenant attendre de mieux conna\u00eetre la composition des mat\u00e9riaux observ\u00e9s pour en savoir plus. L&rsquo;analyse des images captur\u00e9es&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9253,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"La #Nasa aurait rep\u00e9r\u00e9 des #volcans de #glace sur #Pluton @laterredufutur","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[22,19],"tags":[117,2293,77,1627,702,2680,48,49],"class_list":["post-9251","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-espace","category-seismes-et-volcans","tag-espace","tag-new-horizons","tag-photos","tag-pluton","tag-sonde","tag-stratovolcan","tag-volcan","tag-volcans","wpcat-22-id","wpcat-19-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/pluton-cryovolcan.jpg?fit=640%2C474&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-2pd","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":7675,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/apres-9-ans-de-voyage-new-horizons-vient-flirter-avec-pluton\/","url_meta":{"origin":9251,"position":0},"title":"Apr\u00e8s 9 ans de voyage, New Horizons vient flirter avec Pluton","author":"Admin","date":"15 juillet 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"La sonde New Horizons vient de passer au plus pr\u00e8s de Pluton. Apr\u00e8s un voyage de plus de 5 milliards de kilom\u00e8tres qui a dur\u00e9 neuf ans, elle atteint enfin son objectif et r\u00e9cup\u00e8re des donn\u00e9s pr\u00e9cieuses pour les scientifiques. C\u2019\u00e9tait aujourd\u2019hui que New Horizons devait passer au plus pr\u00e8s\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Espace&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Espace","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/espace\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/pluton.png?fit=599%2C598&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/pluton.png?fit=599%2C598&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/pluton.png?fit=599%2C598&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7834,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sur-pluton-vapeurs-dans-latmosphere-et-glaces-mouvantes-excitent-les-scientifiques\/","url_meta":{"origin":9251,"position":1},"title":"Sur Pluton, vapeurs dans l&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re et glaces mouvantes excitent les scientifiques","author":"Admin","date":"14 ao\u00fbt 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"La sonde New Horizons a bien fait de regarder dans son r\u00e9troviseur, en faisant le tour de Pluton. Apr\u00e8s des cha\u00eenes de montagne et de vastes plaines gel\u00e9es, la sonde am\u00e9ricaine New Horizons a envoy\u00e9 de nouvelles images montrant des vapeurs dans l'atmosph\u00e8re de Pluton et des signes de mouvements\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Espace&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Espace","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/espace\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/pluton.png?fit=599%2C598&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/pluton.png?fit=599%2C598&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/pluton.png?fit=599%2C598&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":10512,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/decouverte-pluton-ne-sera-plus-jamais-comme-avant\/","url_meta":{"origin":9251,"position":2},"title":"D\u00e9couverte : Pluton ne sera plus jamais comme avant","author":"Admin","date":"15 janvier 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Le directeur de la Nasa a fait une annonce stup\u00e9fiante au sujet de Pluton. Toute la journ\u00e9e du 11 janvier 2016, le monde scientifique \u00e9tait suspendu aux l\u00e8vres de la Nasa. L\u2019agence spatiale am\u00e9ricaine avait en effet pr\u00e9venu : elle allait faire une annonce fracassante. Puis l\u2019info est tomb\u00e9e !\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Espace&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Espace","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/espace\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/pluton-ciel-bleu-glace-nasa-3.jpg?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/pluton-ciel-bleu-glace-nasa-3.jpg?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/pluton-ciel-bleu-glace-nasa-3.jpg?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/pluton-ciel-bleu-glace-nasa-3.jpg?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2339,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/objectif-pluton\/","url_meta":{"origin":9251,"position":3},"title":"Objectif Pluton","author":"Admin","date":"4 d\u00e9cembre 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Samedi 6 d\u00e9cembre 2014, la sonde New Horizons sortira enfin de sa longue p\u00e9riode d'hibernation dans l'optique de pr\u00e9parer efficacement sa rencontre avec la plan\u00e8te naine et ses nombreuses lunes. C\u00e9l\u00e8bre dans le milieu scientifique pour ses nombreuses controverses, Pluton devrait \u00eatre trait\u00e9e avec la plus grande attention par la\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Espace&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Espace","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/espace\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/.._photos_pluton.jpg?fit=275%2C275&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":8495,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/nouvelle-image-spectaculaire-de-charon\/","url_meta":{"origin":9251,"position":4},"title":"Nouvelle image spectaculaire de Charon","author":"Admin","date":"2 octobre 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Voici une\u00a0nouvelles image spectaculaire de la lune Charon de Pluton. La Nasa a d\u00e9voil\u00e9 de nouvelles images transmises par la sonde New Horizons apr\u00e8s son survol de Pluton mi-juillet 2015, aux confins du syst\u00e8me solaire. Le plus grand satellite de cette plan\u00e8te naine, la lune Charon, est ici photographi\u00e9 avec\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Espace&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Espace","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/espace\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/charon-lune-pluton_.jpg?fit=930%2C630&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/charon-lune-pluton_.jpg?fit=930%2C630&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/charon-lune-pluton_.jpg?fit=930%2C630&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/charon-lune-pluton_.jpg?fit=930%2C630&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":16680,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-sonde-new-horizons-de-la-nasa-vient-de-se-reveiller-dans-le-systeme-solaire-exterieur\/","url_meta":{"origin":9251,"position":5},"title":"La sonde New Horizons de la NASA vient de se r\u00e9veiller dans le syst\u00e8me solaire ext\u00e9rieur","author":"Admin","date":"7 juin 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"La sonde New Horizons de la NASA - la m\u00eame qui nous a donn\u00e9 de superbes photos de Pluton - vient de se r\u00e9veiller, \u00e0 environ 6 milliards de kilom\u00e8tres de chez nous. Elle vole actuellement \u00e0 travers la ceinture de Kuiper, et effectue une mission historique pr\u00e9vue pour le\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Espace&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Espace","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/espace\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Ultima-Thule.jpg?fit=1200%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Ultima-Thule.jpg?fit=1200%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Ultima-Thule.jpg?fit=1200%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Ultima-Thule.jpg?fit=1200%2C600&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Ultima-Thule.jpg?fit=1200%2C600&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9251","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9251"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9251\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9254,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9251\/revisions\/9254"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9251"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9251"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9251"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}