{"id":9213,"date":"2015-11-19T00:00:41","date_gmt":"2015-11-18T23:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=9213"},"modified":"2015-11-09T21:05:23","modified_gmt":"2015-11-09T20:05:23","slug":"les-sous-marins-du-futur-pourraient-etre-inspires-des-meduses-et-des-lamproies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-sous-marins-du-futur-pourraient-etre-inspires-des-meduses-et-des-lamproies\/","title":{"rendered":"Les sous-marins du futur pourraient \u00eatre inspir\u00e9s des m\u00e9duses et des lamproies"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Le mode de d\u00e9placement des m\u00e9duses et des lamproies, qui aspirent l&rsquo;eau vers elles pour aller de l&rsquo;avant, pourrait permettre de concevoir des sous-marins d&rsquo;un type nouveau, bien moins \u00e9nergivores, selon une \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e ce mardi 3 novembre.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00ab\u00a0Nos recherches montrent que les m\u00e9duses et les lamproies aspirent l&rsquo;eau vers elles pour aller de l&rsquo;avant au lieu de pousser contre l&rsquo;eau derri\u00e8re elles, comme cela avait \u00e9t\u00e9 suppos\u00e9 auparavant\u00a0\u00bb, a dit \u00e0 l&rsquo;AFP John Dabiri de l&rsquo;universit\u00e9 de Stanford aux \u00c9tats-Unis, coauteur de cette \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e dans Nature Communications.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00ab\u00a0Economies d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie significatives\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cette d\u00e9couverte \u00ab\u00a0remet en cause toutes nos hypoth\u00e8ses\u00a0\u00bb, selon l&rsquo;ing\u00e9nieur. Ce constat pourrait, \u00e0 terme, permettre de \u00ab\u00a0concevoir des v\u00e9hicules sous-marins qui se d\u00e9placent avec une efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent\u00a0\u00bb, selon lui. \u00ab\u00a0Si le m\u00e9canisme d&rsquo;aspiration observ\u00e9 chez les animaux peut-\u00eatre appliqu\u00e9 aux v\u00e9hicules sous-marins, on pourrait r\u00e9aliser des \u00e9conomies d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie significatives\u00a0\u00bb, fait valoir l&rsquo;ing\u00e9nieur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On savait d\u00e9j\u00e0 que les m\u00e9duses et les lamproies \u00e9taient capables de se d\u00e9placer tr\u00e8s vite sans d\u00e9penser beaucoup d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie mais on ignorait la raison. Les lamproies sont une esp\u00e8ce de poisson tr\u00e8s ancienne, qui ondule comme une anguille, et les m\u00e9duses sont des \u00eatres mous, sans squelette ni cerveau, qui peuplent les oc\u00e9ans depuis des millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, avant m\u00eame la formation des continents.<\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pour d\u00e9finir leur mode de locomotion, les chercheurs sont pass\u00e9s par l&rsquo;\u00e9tude de la pression de l&rsquo;eau entourant les animaux. \u00ab\u00a0En mesurant, pour la premi\u00e8re fois, la pression que ces animaux exercent sur l&rsquo;eau environnante, nous avons d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que leur m\u00e9canisme de nage est tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rent de ce que nous pensions\u00a0\u00bb, a expliqu\u00e9 John Dabiri.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Selon son mode de d\u00e9placement, l&rsquo;animal cr\u00e9e, dans l&rsquo;eau qui l\u2019entoure, une haute ou une basse pression. Bouger son corps vers le c\u00f4t\u00e9 cr\u00e9e une haute pression alors qu&rsquo;une rotation du corps cr\u00e9e des tourbillons qui s&rsquo;accompagnent d&rsquo;une basse pression.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dans le cas de la haute pression, l&rsquo;animal peut s&rsquo;en servir pour se propulser tandis qu&rsquo;une basse pression tire l&rsquo;animal vers l&rsquo;avant comme s&rsquo;il \u00e9tait aspir\u00e9. \u00ab\u00a0Nos r\u00e9sultats indiquent que ces nageurs, tr\u00e8s performants, utilisent principalement le m\u00e9canisme \u00e0 basse pression\u00a0\u00bb, a soulign\u00e9 John Dabiri.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/\" target=\"_blank\">TDF<\/a><\/p>\n<p>source :\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"9213\">(229)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le mode de d\u00e9placement des m\u00e9duses et des lamproies, qui aspirent l&rsquo;eau vers elles pour aller de l&rsquo;avant, pourrait permettre&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9214,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Les #sous-marins du #futur pourraient \u00eatre inspir\u00e9s des #m\u00e9duses et des lamproies @laterredufutur","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[26],"tags":[333,430,5028,5027,2185,241,2443,135],"class_list":["post-9213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-solutions","tag-eau","tag-etude","tag-lamproies","tag-meduse","tag-meduses","tag-ocean","tag-sous-marin","tag-technologie","wpcat-26-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/meduses.jpg?fit=768%2C512&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-2oB","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2141,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/des-couches-pour-bebes-en-chair-de-meduses\/","url_meta":{"origin":9213,"position":0},"title":"Des couches pour b\u00e9b\u00e9s en chair de m\u00e9duses","author":"Admin","date":"14 ao\u00fbt 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Une nouvelle invention pourrait bient\u00f4t d\u00e9barquer : celle des couches de b\u00e9b\u00e9s en chair de m\u00e9duses. Explications... On aura tout vu ! Une start-up Isra\u00e9lienne, Cin\u00e9\u2019al, cherche \u00e0 commercialiser des couches pour b\u00e9b\u00e9s fabriqu\u00e9es en chair de m\u00e9duses. Oui, vous avez bien lu\u2026 en chair de m\u00e9duses ! En effet,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Solutions&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Solutions","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/solutions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/laterredufutur.com_photos_meduses.jpg?fit=386%2C300&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":14676,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/des-meduses-pour-faire-de-lenergie-solaire\/","url_meta":{"origin":9213,"position":1},"title":"Des m\u00e9duses pour faire de l\u2019\u00e9nergie solaire ?","author":"Admin","date":"8 f\u00e9vrier 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Si elles sont pour certains les pires ennemies des c\u00f4tes et des baignades de touristes, les m\u00e9duses pourraient bien ouvrir de nouvelles voies en terme de production d\u2019\u00e9nergie solaire. La recherche en biosolaire en est encore \u00e0 ses balbutiements, mais la d\u00e9couverte scientifique r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par un laboratoire universitaire am\u00e9ricain pourrait\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Solutions&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Solutions","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/solutions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/soleil_meduse.jpg?fit=696%2C366&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/soleil_meduse.jpg?fit=696%2C366&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/soleil_meduse.jpg?fit=696%2C366&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2555,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/pollution-oceanique\/","url_meta":{"origin":9213,"position":2},"title":"Pollution Oc\u00e9anique","author":"Admin","date":"7 d\u00e9cembre 2004","format":false,"excerpt":"Les cinq oc\u00e9ans - Atlantique, Indien, Pacifique, Glacial Arctique et Glacial Antarctique - couvrent 361 millions de km2 sur les 510 millions de km2 de la surface du globe, soit 70,8 %. Leurs 1 300 milliards de km3 d'eau sal\u00e9e repr\u00e9sentent \u00e0 ce jour la plus grande machine \u00e0 laver\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Pollution&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Pollution","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/pollution\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/laterredufutur.com_spaw_images_ocean.jpeg?fit=256%2C256&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":8500,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-carte-mouvante-des-continents-de-plastique\/","url_meta":{"origin":9213,"position":3},"title":"La carte mouvante des continents de plastique","author":"Admin","date":"14 octobre 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Selon des estimations \"optimistes\", pr\u00e8s de 8 millions de d\u00e9chets plastiques finissent chaque ann\u00e9e dans les oc\u00e9ans. Mais la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 serait plus proche des 13 millions de tonnes. 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