{"id":684,"date":"2011-12-22T23:00:00","date_gmt":"2011-12-22T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/wordpress\/?p=684"},"modified":"2011-12-22T23:00:00","modified_gmt":"2011-12-22T22:00:00","slug":"un-materiau-inspire-de-la-carapace-des-insectes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-materiau-inspire-de-la-carapace-des-insectes\/","title":{"rendered":"Un mat\u00e9riau inspir\u00e9 de la carapace des insectes"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"683\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-materiau-inspire-de-la-carapace-des-insectes\/scarabee\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/scarabee.jpg?fit=300%2C168&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"300,168\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"scarabee\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/scarabee.jpg?fit=300%2C168&amp;ssl=1\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-683\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/scarabee.jpg?w=120\" border=\"0\" alt=\"scarabee\" title=\"scarabee\"  style=\"float: left;\" \/>Face \u00e0 la rar\u00e9faction du p\u00e9trole, le plastique a ses jours qui sont compt\u00e9s. Voici une solution r\u00e9volutionnaire qui n&rsquo;a pas fini de faire parler d&rsquo;elle. Un mat\u00e9riau inspir\u00e9 de la carapace des insectes pour remplacer le plastique.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Des chercheurs de l\u2019Institut Wyss d\u2019ing\u00e9nierie biologiquement inspir\u00e9, \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine Harvard, sont parvenus \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper un nouveau mat\u00e9riau aux caract\u00e9ristiques similaires \u00e0 la carapace des insectes.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">   <br \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Baptis\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0Shrilk\u00a0\u00bb, le nouveau mat\u00e9riau synth\u00e9tis\u00e9 par les chercheurs de l\u2019Institut Wyss d\u2019ing\u00e9nierie biologiquement inspir\u00e9 regroupe grand nombre de qualit\u00e9s. Il est incroyablement r\u00e9sistant, durable, biod\u00e9gradable, l\u00e9ger et \u00e9conomique. Ainsi, l\u2019innovation a d\u2019ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 provoqu\u00e9 un grand enthousiasme aupr\u00e8s de la communaut\u00e9 scientifique qui imagine d\u00e9j\u00e0 de nombreuses applications. Dans un futur proche, \u00ab\u00a0Shrilk\u00a0\u00bb pourrait bien remplacer le plastique ou \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9 dans une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d&rsquo;op\u00e9ration m\u00e9dicale.<\/span><\/span><\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Pour en arriver \u00e0 synth\u00e9tiser cet incroyable mat\u00e9riau, les chercheurs se sont inspir\u00e9s directement d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ments naturels et plus particuli\u00e8rement de la cuticule, couche externe de l\u2019exosquelette des arthropodes (crustac\u00e9s, arachnides, insectes \u2026). Cette \u00e9tonnante carapace offre \u00e0 l\u2019animal une remarquable protection sans toutefois lui ajouter un volume suppl\u00e9mentaire. Elle est si l\u00e9g\u00e8re qu\u2019elle n\u2019inhibe pas le vol et si mince qu&rsquo;elle lui permet une grande flexibilit\u00e9. Elle poss\u00e8de en outre la capacit\u00e9 de varier ses propri\u00e9t\u00e9s : de rigides pour les segments du corps ou les ailes \u00e0 \u00e9lastiques pour les articulations des membres.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">De mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, la cuticule est un mat\u00e9riau composite constitu\u00e9 de couches de chitine et de prot\u00e9ines, dispos\u00e9es selon une structure lamellaire comme le bois. Les interactions m\u00e9caniques et chimiques intervenant entre ces diff\u00e9rents \u00e9l\u00e9ments offrent au mat\u00e9riau des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s uniques. En \u00e9tudiant ces interactions complexes, les chercheurs d\u2019Harvard sont parvenus \u00e0 synth\u00e9tiser en laboratoire \u00ab\u00a0Shrilk\u00a0\u00bb, un film mince aux m\u00eames propri\u00e9t\u00e9s que la cuticule. Le mat\u00e9riau est compos\u00e9 de chitine et de fibro\u00efne de soie, une mol\u00e9cule extraite des coquilles vides de crevettes.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">source : http:\/\/www.maxisciences.com<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"684\">(940)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-683\" src=\"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/scarabee.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"scarabee\" title=\"scarabee\" width=\"120\" style=\"float: left;\" \/>Face \u00e0 la rar\u00e9faction du p\u00e9trole, le plastique a ses jours qui sont compt\u00e9s. Voici une solution r\u00e9volutionnaire qui n&rsquo;a pas fini de faire parler d&rsquo;elle. Un mat\u00e9riau inspir\u00e9 de la carapace des insectes pour remplacer le plastique.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Des chercheurs de l\u2019Institut Wyss d\u2019ing\u00e9nierie biologiquement inspir\u00e9, \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine Harvard, sont parvenus \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper un nouveau mat\u00e9riau aux caract\u00e9ristiques similaires \u00e0 la carapace des insectes.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":683,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[26],"tags":[891,895,893,892,392,887,894,890,888,515,889,100,38],"class_list":["post-684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-solutions","tag-carapace","tag-chercheurs","tag-cutile","tag-insecte","tag-insectes","tag-materiau","tag-membre","tag-nouveau","tag-plastic","tag-plastique","tag-shrilk","tag-solution","tag-solutions","wpcat-26-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/scarabee.jpg?fit=300%2C168&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-b2","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":16792,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/et-si-le-plastique-de-demain-etait-fabrique-a-partir-de-crevettes\/","url_meta":{"origin":684,"position":0},"title":"Et si le plastique de demain \u00e9tait fabriqu\u00e9 \u00e0 partir de crevettes ?","author":"Admin","date":"21 juillet 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Et si les t\u00e9l\u00e9phones, jouets et autres objets plastiques du quotidien \u00e9taient fabriqu\u00e9s \u00e0 base de\u2026 crevettes ? Un groupe de chercheurs am\u00e9ricains a mis au point un nouveau mat\u00e9riau plastique con\u00e7u \u00e0 partir de d\u00e9chets de crustac\u00e9s. C\u2019est de notori\u00e9t\u00e9 publique depuis quelques ann\u00e9es d\u00e9j\u00e0 : le plastique pose\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Solutions&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Solutions","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/solutions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/crevette.jpg?fit=600%2C406&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/crevette.jpg?fit=600%2C406&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/crevette.jpg?fit=600%2C406&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7542,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/voici-le-materiau-qui-transforme-le-co2-en-oxygene\/","url_meta":{"origin":684,"position":1},"title":"Voici le mat\u00e9riau qui transforme le CO2 en oxyg\u00e8ne","author":"Admin","date":"10 juillet 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Julian Melchiorri est un \u00e9tudiant du Royal College of Art de Londres. Il a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 Silk Leaf (feuille de soie) courant 2014, un mat\u00e9riau capable de reproduire la fonction d\u2019une feuille d\u2019arbre. Le biomim\u00e9tisme en application A l\u2019exception de l\u2019homme, le monde du vivant ne produit pas v\u00e9ritablement de d\u00e9chets.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Solutions&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Solutions","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/solutions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Julian-Melchiorri_dezeen1.jpg?fit=780%2C360&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Julian-Melchiorri_dezeen1.jpg?fit=780%2C360&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Julian-Melchiorri_dezeen1.jpg?fit=780%2C360&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Julian-Melchiorri_dezeen1.jpg?fit=780%2C360&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":14735,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-monde-dinsectes-cyborg\/","url_meta":{"origin":684,"position":2},"title":"Un monde d&rsquo;insectes Cyborg","author":"Admin","date":"3 mars 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Les scientifiques se tournent vers les animaux volants - oiseaux, chauves-souris et les insectes - pour l'inspiration lorsqu'ils con\u00e7oivent des drones a\u00e9riens. Mais les chercheurs \u00e9tudient \u00e9galement comment utiliser la technologie pour interagir avec eux, et m\u00eame les t\u00e9l\u00e9guider. Ainsi ils \u00e9tudient les animaux comme ils volent, am\u00e9liorer les adaptations\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Monde Futur&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Monde Futur","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/monde-futur\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/genetically-modified-cyborg-dragonflies.jpg?fit=660%2C440&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/genetically-modified-cyborg-dragonflies.jpg?fit=660%2C440&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/genetically-modified-cyborg-dragonflies.jpg?fit=660%2C440&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":18627,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-monde-ou-lhumain-pourra-un-jour-etre-imprime-en-entier\/","url_meta":{"origin":684,"position":3},"title":"Un monde o\u00f9 l&rsquo;humain pourra un jour \u00eatre imprim\u00e9 en entier","author":"Admin","date":"10 avril 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Les greffes et autres transplantions d\u2019organes pourraient bient\u00f4t \u00eatre obsol\u00e8tes. D\u00e9sormais, les chercheurs s\u2019int\u00e9ressent de plus en plus au concept de bio-impression. Et cela concerne tout notre corps. Don d\u2019organe. Partout dans le monde, des patients vivent dans l\u2019attente d\u2019une transplantation de c\u0153ur, de rein ou de poumon. Le nombre\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Monde Futur&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Monde Futur","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/monde-futur\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Impression3d-humain.jpg?fit=800%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Impression3d-humain.jpg?fit=800%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Impression3d-humain.jpg?fit=800%2C480&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Impression3d-humain.jpg?fit=800%2C480&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":16222,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/des-canards-pour-remplacer-les-pesticides-dans-les-rizieres-de-camargue\/","url_meta":{"origin":684,"position":4},"title":"Des canards pour remplacer les pesticides dans les rizi\u00e8res de Camargue","author":"Admin","date":"5 f\u00e9vrier 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Un riziculteur de Camargue applique une m\u00e9thode ancestrale du Japon: utiliser des canards dans ses rizi\u00e8res pour \u00e9viter l'emploi d'insecticide. Ils se nourrissent des insectes et des mauvaises herbes tout en pr\u00e9servant les pousses de riz. Une m\u00e9thode naturelle qui permet de meilleurs rendements \u00e0 l'hectare. Bernard Poujol install\u00e9 en\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Solutions&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Solutions","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/solutions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/canards-conttre-pesticides-camargue.jpg?fit=640%2C426&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/canards-conttre-pesticides-camargue.jpg?fit=640%2C426&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/canards-conttre-pesticides-camargue.jpg?fit=640%2C426&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":13909,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/decouverte-dune-bacterie-susceptible-de-biodegrader-le-plastique\/","url_meta":{"origin":684,"position":5},"title":"D\u00e9couverte d\u2019une bact\u00e9rie susceptible de biod\u00e9grader le plastique","author":"Admin","date":"14 novembre 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"L\u2019avenir du recyclage du plastique de type PET repose sur une bact\u00e9rie: des chercheurs japonais ont d\u00e9couvert un organisme capable de d\u00e9grader le poly\u00e9thyl\u00e8ne t\u00e9r\u00e9phtalate, mat\u00e9riau largement utilis\u00e9 pour les bouteilles et les emballages. Ideonella sakaiensis, c\u2019est ainsi qu\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 appel\u00e9e la bact\u00e9rie mangeuse de plastique PET capable de sauver\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Solutions&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Solutions","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/solutions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/bacterie-contre-plastique.jpg?fit=600%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/bacterie-contre-plastique.jpg?fit=600%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/bacterie-contre-plastique.jpg?fit=600%2C400&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/684","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=684"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/684\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=684"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=684"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=684"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}