{"id":4832,"date":"2009-04-10T20:00:38","date_gmt":"2009-04-10T18:00:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil1\/?p=4832"},"modified":"2015-04-13T20:02:09","modified_gmt":"2015-04-13T18:02:09","slug":"lhomme-la-nature-et-le-nucleaire-a-tchernobyl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/lhomme-la-nature-et-le-nucleaire-a-tchernobyl\/","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;Homme, la Nature et le Nucl\u00e9aire \u00e0 Tchernobyl"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><span lang=\"FR\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">A Tchernobyl, vingt ans apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;accident nucl\u00e9aire, les insectes pollinisateurs n&rsquo;irradient pas de bonheur,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">D&rsquo;interminables controverses. C&rsquo;est ce que suscite, depuis plusieurs ann\u00e9es, l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation des d\u00e9g\u00e2ts de l&rsquo;accident nucl\u00e9aire de Tchernobyl, survenu le 26 avril 1986, sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes locaux. Ces discussions devraient \u00eatre relanc\u00e9es avec la publication, dans la derni\u00e8re \u00e9dition de la revue Biology Letters, des travaux d&rsquo;Anders Moller (CNRS, universit\u00e9 Paris-XI) et Timothy Mousseau (universit\u00e9 de Caroline du Sud). Selon eux, la radioactivit\u00e9 r\u00e9siduelle a toujours, vingt ans apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;accident, un effet sur certains insectes et araign\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"FR\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Pourtant, en 2006, le Forum Tchernobyl &#8211; r\u00e9unissant des organismes comme l&rsquo;Agence internationale de l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie atomique ou le Programme des Nations unies pour l&rsquo;environnement &#8211; avait rendu un rapport selon lequel les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes situ\u00e9s dans la \u00ab\u00a0zone d&rsquo;exclusion\u00a0\u00bb s&rsquo;accommodaient de la radioactivit\u00e9 persistant \u00e0 des niveaux divers. \u00ab\u00a0C&rsquo;est vrai au niveau macroscopique, dit Gerard-Deville Cavelin, coauteur du rapport. Non que la radioactivit\u00e9 leur soit favorable bien sur, mais le d\u00e9part de l&rsquo;homme de la zone a favorise une part de la faune sauvage, en particulier les mammif\u00e8res. La population de sangliers a, par exemple, \u00e9t\u00e9 multipli\u00e9 par 8.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Sur l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle des nuisances, l&rsquo;homme serait donc place bien au-dessus de la radioactivit\u00e9&#8230; Mais pour Anders Moller et Timothy Mousseau, il fallait y regarder de plus pr\u00e8s. Entre 2006 et 2008, les chercheurs ont sillonne la zone d&rsquo;exclusion en mesurant, sur plusieurs centaines de points et le long de lignes transversales, l&rsquo;abondance de certains insectes, en parall\u00e8le avec l&rsquo;intensit\u00e9 de la radioactivit\u00e9. Dans les cinq cat\u00e9gories compt\u00e9es (bourdons, papillons, sauterelles, libellules et araign\u00e9es), les populations chutent lorsque la radioactivit\u00e9 croit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Rar\u00e9faction des pr\u00e9dateurs<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Selon M. Deville-Cavelin, les corr\u00e9lations sont parfois faibles. Mais, en 2007, les m\u00eames auteurs avaient conduit une \u00e9tude de recensement des oiseaux et avaient note une tendance identique a la rar\u00e9faction, proportionnelle a la radioactivit\u00e9 mesur\u00e9e localement. Ce qui est coh\u00e9rent. \u00ab\u00a0Lorsque l&rsquo;abondance des insectes diminue, il est normal que leurs pr\u00e9dateurs soient pr\u00e9sents en plus faible nombre\u00a0\u00bb, pr\u00e9cise M. Moller. En outre, des travaux non encore publi\u00e9s sugg\u00e8rent, selon M. Anders, que le nombre de fruits comptes dans les anciens vergers de la zone d&rsquo;exclusion chute \u00e9galement lorsque la radioactivit\u00e9 s&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8ve &#8211; ce qui pourrait, l\u00e0 encore, s&rsquo;expliquer par une r\u00e9duction des populations d&rsquo;insectes pollinisateurs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00ab\u00a0Ces constatations doivent \u00eatre \u00e9tudi\u00e9es plus a fond, estime M. Deville-Cavelin. En augmentant le nombre des observations et, peut-\u00eatre, les dur\u00e9es de comptage, et en essayant aussi de diff\u00e9rencier la nature de la radioactivit\u00e9.\u00a0\u00bb Afin de d\u00e9couvrir laquelle des trois types de radioactivit\u00e9 (alpha, b\u00eata ou gamma) est la plus nocive aux insectes pollinisateurs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Le Monde, 25\/03\/09 &#8211; Stephane Foucart<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"4832\">(219)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Tchernobyl, vingt ans apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;accident nucl\u00e9aire, les insectes pollinisateurs n&rsquo;irradient pas de bonheur, D&rsquo;interminables controverses. C&rsquo;est ce que suscite,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4833,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[28],"tags":[581,97,43,305,308],"class_list":["post-4832","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pollution","tag-adaptation","tag-nucleaire","tag-pollution","tag-tchernobyl","tag-vie","wpcat-28-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/tchernobyl.jpg?fit=200%2C133&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-1fW","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":17229,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-monde-qui-na-pas-fini-avec-tchernobyl\/","url_meta":{"origin":4832,"position":0},"title":"Un monde qui n&rsquo;a pas fini avec Tchernobyl","author":"Admin","date":"11 d\u00e9cembre 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Tchernobyl: causera des tumeurs en Europe jusqu'en 2065, en particulier la thyro\u00efde \"Sur tous les cas de cancer qui seront enregistr\u00e9s en Europe jusqu'en 2065, 0,01% seront toujours li\u00e9s au rayonnement provoqu\u00e9 par l'accident de Tchernobyl\". Les effets sur la sant\u00e9 des Europ\u00e9ens caus\u00e9s par l'accident de la centrale nucl\u00e9aire\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Pollution&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Pollution","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/pollution\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/tchernobyl.jpg?fit=640%2C414&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/tchernobyl.jpg?fit=640%2C414&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/tchernobyl.jpg?fit=640%2C414&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":8576,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/a-tchernobyl-la-faune-est-beaucoup-plus-riche-quavant-la-catastrophe\/","url_meta":{"origin":4832,"position":1},"title":"\u00c0 Tchernobyl, la faune est beaucoup plus riche qu&rsquo;avant la catastrophe","author":"Admin","date":"8 octobre 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Selon une nouvelle \u00e9tude, l'occupation humaine avait un effet beaucoup plus n\u00e9faste que l'accident nucl\u00e9aire sur les animaux. La catastrophe nucl\u00e9aire de Tchernobyl aurait-elle fait quelques heureux? \u00c0 en croire une \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e sur Current Biology et cit\u00e9e par The Guardian, pour la faune locale, l\u2019impact de la vie humaine\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/animaux-tchernobyl.jpg?fit=600%2C411&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/animaux-tchernobyl.jpg?fit=600%2C411&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/animaux-tchernobyl.jpg?fit=600%2C411&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":11966,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/tchernobyl-une-arche-gigantesque-pour-recouvrir-le-reacteur-n4\/","url_meta":{"origin":4832,"position":2},"title":"Tchernobyl: une arche gigantesque pour recouvrir le r\u00e9acteur n\u00b04","author":"Admin","date":"4 mai 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Il y a 30 ans, le r\u00e9acteur n\u00b04 de la centrale nucl\u00e9aire de Tchernobyl en Ukraine explosait. Cet accident va engendrer la plus grosse catastrophe nucl\u00e9aire jamais connue. Pour faire face aux fuites radioactives s'\u00e9chappant du r\u00e9acteur n\u00b04, une arche de plus de 100m de haut a \u00e9t\u00e9 construite. Cette\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Pollution&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Pollution","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/pollution\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/tchernobyl-enceinte-confinement-anatolii_stepanov_.jpg?fit=880%2C495&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/tchernobyl-enceinte-confinement-anatolii_stepanov_.jpg?fit=880%2C495&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/tchernobyl-enceinte-confinement-anatolii_stepanov_.jpg?fit=880%2C495&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/tchernobyl-enceinte-confinement-anatolii_stepanov_.jpg?fit=880%2C495&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":23065,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/une-hausse-de-la-radioactivite-inquiete-a-tchernobyl\/","url_meta":{"origin":4832,"position":3},"title":"Une hausse de la radioactivit\u00e9 inqui\u00e8te \u00e0 Tchernobyl","author":"Admin","date":"23 septembre 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Les scientifiques ont remarqu\u00e9 une activit\u00e9 anormale dans les d\u00e9bris de la centrale nucl\u00e9aire, sous le sarcophage du r\u00e9acteur num\u00e9ro 4. \"Comme les braises d'un barbecue\". La situation \u00e0 Tchernobyl pr\u00e9occupe la communaut\u00e9 scientifique, 35 ans apr\u00e8s la catastrophe, et notamment Neil Hyatt, chimiste sp\u00e9cialiste des mat\u00e9riaux nucl\u00e9aires \u00e0 l'universit\u00e9\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Pollution&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Pollution","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/pollution\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/tchernobyl.jpg?fit=1024%2C646&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/tchernobyl.jpg?fit=1024%2C646&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/tchernobyl.jpg?fit=1024%2C646&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/tchernobyl.jpg?fit=1024%2C646&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":296,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/tchernobyl-25-ans-apres\/","url_meta":{"origin":4832,"position":4},"title":"Tchernobyl : 25 ans apr\u00e8s","author":"Admin","date":"25 avril 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Le 26 avril 1986, il y a 25 ans. La catastrophe de Tchernobyl est un accident nucl\u00e9aire qui s'est produit le 26 avril 1986 dans la centrale nucl\u00e9aire de Tchernobyl, situ\u00e9e en Ukraine, qui faisait partie \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque de l'URSS. Cet accident a conduit \u00e0 la fusion du c\u0153ur d'un\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Pollution&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Pollution","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/pollution\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/.._spaw_images_tchernobyl_1.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":22517,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/inquietudes-a-tchernobyl-nouvelles-reactions-nucleaires-en-cours\/","url_meta":{"origin":4832,"position":5},"title":"Inqui\u00e9tudes \u00e0 Tchernobyl, nouvelles r\u00e9actions nucl\u00e9aires en cours","author":"Admin","date":"13 mai 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"35 ans apr\u00e8s le terrible accident qui a provoqu\u00e9 la destruction de la centrale nucl\u00e9aire de Tchernobyl, des scientifiques ont d\u00e9couvert que des r\u00e9actions nucl\u00e9aires potentiellement dangereuses continuent de se produire \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur, rapportait Science Magazine le 5 mai 2021. Suite \u00e0 l\u2019accident de 1986, des morceaux d\u2019uranium sont rest\u00e9s\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Pollution&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Pollution","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/pollution\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Tchernobyl-centrale-nucleaire-arche.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Tchernobyl-centrale-nucleaire-arche.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Tchernobyl-centrale-nucleaire-arche.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Tchernobyl-centrale-nucleaire-arche.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Tchernobyl-centrale-nucleaire-arche.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4832","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4832"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4832\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4834,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4832\/revisions\/4834"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4833"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4832"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4832"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4832"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}