{"id":4253,"date":"2008-01-09T12:13:56","date_gmt":"2008-01-09T10:13:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil1\/?p=4253"},"modified":"2015-04-12T12:51:54","modified_gmt":"2015-04-12T10:51:54","slug":"le-lac-vostok-a-4-000-metres-sous-les-glaces-bientot-atteint-par-les-russes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/le-lac-vostok-a-4-000-metres-sous-les-glaces-bientot-atteint-par-les-russes\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Lac Vostok \u00e0 4.000 m\u00e8tres sous les glaces bient\u00f4t atteint par les Russes"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Le lac sous glaciaire de Vostok, localis\u00e9 sous la station russe qui lui a donn\u00e9 son nom, est grand comme la Corse et profond de plus de 1200 m. Sans doute existait-il d\u00e9j\u00e0 dans le rift profond (plus de 1000 m au-dessous du niveau de la mer) avant son confinement par la glaciation de l&rsquo;Antarctique commenc\u00e9e il y a 35 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es environ.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">SAINT-PETERSBOURG, 20 d\u00e9cembre &#8211; RIA Novosti. Des scientifiques russes comptent terminer en 2008-2009 les forages qui leur permettront d&rsquo;atteindre le lac Vostok, dont les eaux enfouies sous 4 kilom\u00e8tres de glace dans l&rsquo;Antarctique constituent un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me unique, a annonc\u00e9 Valeri Loukine, le chef de l&rsquo;exp\u00e9dition antarctique russe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Cet espace aquatique grand comme le lac Ontario est isol\u00e9 de la surface depuis maintenant environ un million d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, ce qui en fait une structure fossile tout \u00e0 fait in\u00e9dite.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">L&rsquo;absence totale de lumi\u00e8re, la forte pression et la composition particuli\u00e8re de l&rsquo;eau (gaz et composition chimique), ajout\u00e9s \u00e0 son isolement complet, laissent penser aux chercheurs qu&rsquo;il y existe des formes de vie absolument distinctes de celles connues de la science contemporaine.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00ab\u00a0Au cours de cette saison, nous comptons descendre de 50 m\u00e8tres suppl\u00e9mentaires. Nous devrions atteindre les eaux du lac au cours de la p\u00e9riode 2008-2009\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 M. Loukine.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Selon lui, le navire exp\u00e9rimental Akademik Fedorov acheminera prochainement un nouveau c\u00e2ble dans l&rsquo;Antarctique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Le directeur de la chaire des technologies de forage de l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 de Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg Nikola\u00ef Vassiliev a expliqu\u00e9 que ce c\u00e2ble de rechange \u00e9tait n\u00e9cessaire en raison de l&rsquo;extr\u00eame \u00e9tat de d\u00e9labrement du pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent.<\/span><\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/spaw\/images\/LakeVostok.jpg?resize=250%2C212\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"212\" align=\"left\" \/>Selon M. Vassiliev, apr\u00e8s avoir atteint 3.000 m\u00e8tres sous le niveau de la mer, le puits a permis d&rsquo;observer des changements substantiels dans la structure de la glace, qui contient notamment des cristaux en nombre plus important. Des prot\u00e9obact\u00e9ries et des actinomyc\u00e8tes probablement \u00e2g\u00e9s d&rsquo;environ 500.000 ans avaient \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9s auparavant dans les pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements de glace.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Le forage, qui a d\u00e9but\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 1970 alors qu&rsquo;on ignorait encore tout de l&rsquo;existence de lac, \u00e9tait r\u00e9alis\u00e9 dans le cadre d&rsquo;\u00e9tudes pal\u00e9o-climatiques. Le puits atteint actuellement 3.663 m\u00e8tres.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">L&rsquo;\u00e9tude du lac joue un r\u00f4le capital dans la compr\u00e9hension et l&rsquo;\u00e9tude des changements climatiques des prochains mill\u00e9naires et de la formation plan\u00e8te.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">L&rsquo;op\u00e9ration de forage permettra en outre de jeter les bases de la future exploration d&rsquo;Europe, la lune glac\u00e9e de Jupiter, qui rec\u00e8le peut-\u00eatre un oc\u00e9an liquide sous une \u00e9paisseur de glace similaire et pourrait contenir des formes de vie extraterrestre.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Le premier \u00e9chantillon d&rsquo;eau du lac devrait \u00eatre pr\u00e9lev\u00e9 en 2008-2009.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">sources : <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.rian.ru\/\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">http:\/\/fr.rian.ru\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\/ <a href=\"http:\/\/www.insu.cnrs.fr\/\">http:\/\/www.insu.cnrs.fr\/<\/a>\u00a0\/ <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/\">http:\/\/www.ldeo.columbia.edu\/<\/a>\u00a0\/<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/spaw\/images\/vostok.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><em><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Sch\u00e9ma en coupe du lac sous glaciaire et du glacier s&rsquo;\u00e9coulant vers Vostok.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/spaw\/images\/LakeVostok1.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"4253\">(359)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le lac sous glaciaire de Vostok, localis\u00e9 sous la station russe qui lui a donn\u00e9 son nom, est grand comme&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4254,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[31],"tags":[3275,1252,3178,3276,2500,1050,3274],"class_list":["post-4253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","tag-4000-m","tag-antarctique","tag-lac","tag-lac-sous-glaciaire","tag-lac-vostok","tag-russie","tag-vostok","wpcat-31-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/antarctique.jpg?fit=240%2C212&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-16B","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2709,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/le-mystere-du-lac-vostok\/","url_meta":{"origin":4253,"position":0},"title":"Le myst\u00e8re du lac Vostok","author":"Admin","date":"22 f\u00e9vrier 2005","format":false,"excerpt":"Avant la glace. Situ\u00e9 au coeur du supercontinent Gondwana, temp\u00e9r\u00e9 et humide, l'Antartique est devenu une masse distincte voici 70 millions d'ann\u00e9es. La roche m\u00e9re (bedrock) de l'antartique oriental remonte \u00e0 3 milliards d'ann\u00e9es et compte parmis les plus anciennes du globe. Form\u00e9 d'un puzzle complexe de blocs crustaux et\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/spaw\/images\/suite41.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":3427,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/des-rivieres-relieraient-des-lacs-sous-la-glace-de-lantarctique\/","url_meta":{"origin":4253,"position":1},"title":"Des rivi\u00e8res relieraient des lacs sous la glace de l&rsquo;Antarctique","author":"Admin","date":"24 avril 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"LONDRES (Reuters) - Des rivi\u00e8res larges comme la Tamise, qui relient sans doute des lacs subglaciaires, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvertes sous la calotte du continent antarctique. Les chercheurs britanniques qui ont mis au jour le syst\u00e8me de connexions expliquant le d\u00e9placement de l'eau sur des centaines de kilom\u00e8tres estiment que leur\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Divers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Divers","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/divers\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":12015,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-nouveau-lac-subglaciaire-geant-decouvert-en-antarctique\/","url_meta":{"origin":4253,"position":2},"title":"Un nouveau lac subglaciaire g\u00e9ant d\u00e9couvert en Antarctique","author":"Admin","date":"29 avril 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Apr\u00e8s le lac Vostok, des chercheurs pourraient avoir d\u00e9couvert le second plus grand lac subglaciaire du continent blanc. Les scientifiques ont l\u2019espoir que celui-ci contienne des traces de vie pr\u00e9historique. L\u2019activit\u00e9 g\u00e9othermale en dessous du lac l\u2019aurait emp\u00each\u00e9 de geler et aurait permis qu\u2019il reste sous forme liquide. Situ\u00e9e \u00e0\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Divers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Divers","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/divers\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/glace-antarctique.jpg?fit=1000%2C541&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/glace-antarctique.jpg?fit=1000%2C541&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/glace-antarctique.jpg?fit=1000%2C541&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/glace-antarctique.jpg?fit=1000%2C541&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6963,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-mois-de-mai-exceptionnellement-froid-en-antarctique\/","url_meta":{"origin":4253,"position":3},"title":"Un mois de mai exceptionnellement froid en Antarctique","author":"Admin","date":"29 mai 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Alors que l\u2019hiver austral n\u2019a pas encore d\u00e9but\u00e9 (juin), l\u2019Antarctique conna\u00eet actuellement un mois de mai 2015 exceptionnel en terme de froid. Il est m\u00eame l\u2019un des plus froids jamais enregistr\u00e9, notamment au centre du continent, dans la station russe de Vostok. Toujours plong\u00e9 dans la nuit polaire, le continent\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/meteorologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/station-vostok.jpg?fit=1000%2C644&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/station-vostok.jpg?fit=1000%2C644&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/station-vostok.jpg?fit=1000%2C644&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/station-vostok.jpg?fit=1000%2C644&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":16781,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/pendant-ce-temps-en-antarctique-un-nouveau-record-de-986c\/","url_meta":{"origin":4253,"position":4},"title":"Pendant ce temps, en Antarctique: un nouveau record de -98,6\u00b0C","author":"Admin","date":"17 juillet 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Des scientifiques ont enregistr\u00e9 un nouveau record de temp\u00e9rature la plus basse sur la surface terrestre, -98,6 degr\u00e9s, relev\u00e9s en Antarctique. Avant cela, la temp\u00e9rature la plus basse jamais enregistr\u00e9e en Antarctique \u00e9tait de -89,2\u00b0C le 23 juillet 1983 \u00e0 la station scientifique russe de Vostok. Les scientifiques de l'universit\u00e9\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/meteorologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/froid-antarctique.jpg?fit=960%2C628&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/froid-antarctique.jpg?fit=960%2C628&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/froid-antarctique.jpg?fit=960%2C628&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/froid-antarctique.jpg?fit=960%2C628&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":935,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-monde-en-antarctique\/","url_meta":{"origin":4253,"position":5},"title":"Un monde en Antarctique","author":"Admin","date":"17 juin 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"Face \u00e0 un monde en perp\u00e9tuel \u00e9volution et face \u00e0 la difficult\u00e9 d'aller trouver de nouvelles ressources et faire de nouvelles d\u00e9couvertes dans tous les domaines, le monde prot\u00e9g\u00e9 de l'Antarctique pourrait bien \u00eatre la future conqu\u00eate humaine. L\u2019histoire de l\u2019Antarctique commence dans le monde occidental par la th\u00e9orie de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Monde Futur&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Monde Futur","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/monde-futur\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/antarctica.png?fit=250%2C250&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4253","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4253"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4253\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4255,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4253\/revisions\/4255"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4254"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}