{"id":3475,"date":"2006-05-19T19:01:37","date_gmt":"2006-05-19T17:01:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil1\/?p=3475"},"modified":"2015-04-10T19:03:40","modified_gmt":"2015-04-10T17:03:40","slug":"climat-le-rechauffement-affaiblit-les-alizes-du-pacifique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/climat-le-rechauffement-affaiblit-les-alizes-du-pacifique\/","title":{"rendered":"Climat: le r\u00e9chauffement affaiblit les aliz\u00e9s du Pacifique"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Le r\u00e9chauffement climatique affaiblit le courant atmosph\u00e9rique qui traverse l\u2019Oc\u00e9an Pacifique et qui influence les moussons en Asie et la p\u00eache sur la c\u00f4te sud-am\u00e9ricaine, affirment des chercheurs dans la revue <i>Nature<\/i>. L\u2019activit\u00e9 humaine est la principale responsable de ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne, pr\u00e9cisent Gabriel Vecchi et ses coll\u00e8gues.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ces chercheurs de la NOAA (U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) ont examin\u00e9 les pressions atmosph\u00e9riques enregistr\u00e9es au-dessus du Pacifique de 1861 \u00e0 1992. Le courant qui traverse cet oc\u00e9an, et qui est appel\u00e9 la circulation Walker, est en effet le r\u00e9sultat des diff\u00e9rences de pressions entre l\u2019Est et l\u2019Ouest du Pacifique. A la surface de l\u2019oc\u00e9an les aliz\u00e9s circulent d\u2019Est en Ouest, tandis que dans les couches sup\u00e9rieures de l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re ils circulent en sens inverse. La circulation Walker forme ainsi une boucle au-dessus du Pacifique qui apporte des pluies en Asie et fait remonter des eaux froides et poissonneuses le long des c\u00f4tes sud-am\u00e9ricaines.<\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9quipe de Vecchi a relev\u00e9 un affaiblissement de 3,5% des aliz\u00e9s depuis 1861 et pr\u00e9dit un nouvel affaiblissement de 10% d\u2019ici 2100. Les mod\u00e8les climatiques avaient pr\u00e9dit cette tendance : plus la temp\u00e9rature augmente plus l\u2019\u00e9vaporation \u00e0 la surface des oc\u00e9ans est importante. Les pr\u00e9cipitations ne pouvant r\u00e9\u00e9quilibrer la situation au m\u00eame rythme, les masses d\u2019air humide augmentent et ralentissent les courants atmosph\u00e9riques. Vecchi a fait tourner 11 mod\u00e8les climatiques et a constat\u00e9 que seuls les mod\u00e8les incluant l\u2019impact humain sur l\u2019effet de serre reproduisait le ralentissement de 3,5% de la circulation Walker.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">source : <a href=\"http:\/\/sciences.nouvelobs.com\/sci_20060504.OBS6529.html?1651\">http:\/\/sciences.nouvelobs.com<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"3475\">(228)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le r\u00e9chauffement climatique affaiblit le courant atmosph\u00e9rique qui traverse l\u2019Oc\u00e9an Pacifique et qui influence les moussons en Asie et la&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3476,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[20],"tags":[2007,316,148,149,241,1697,718,190],"class_list":["post-3475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climat","tag-alizes","tag-chaleur","tag-el-nino","tag-la-nina","tag-ocean","tag-ocean-pacifique","tag-ralentissement","tag-vents","wpcat-20-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/LaNina.png?fit=350%2C314&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-U3","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":18783,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-variabilite-solaire-affaiblit-la-cellule-de-walker-dans-le-pacifique\/","url_meta":{"origin":3475,"position":0},"title":"La variabilit\u00e9 solaire affaiblit la cellule de Walker dans le Pacifique","author":"Admin","date":"30 mars 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Une \u00e9quipe internationale de chercheurs du Royaume-Uni, du Danemark et d'Allemagne a trouv\u00e9 des preuves solides de la signature du cycle de taches solaires de onze ans dans le Pacifique tropical. Ils ont analys\u00e9 les s\u00e9ries chronologiques historiques de pression, de vents de surface et de pr\u00e9cipitations avec un accent\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Soleil&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Soleil","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/soleil\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-3.jpg?fit=800%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-3.jpg?fit=800%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-3.jpg?fit=800%2C480&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-3.jpg?fit=800%2C480&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3866,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-mecanisme-damplification-du-changement-climatique\/","url_meta":{"origin":3475,"position":1},"title":"Un m\u00e9canisme d&rsquo;amplification du changement climatique","author":"Admin","date":"22 f\u00e9vrier 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"Lors des derniers 90 000 ans, des p\u00e9riodes chaudes et froides de quelques milliers d'ann\u00e9e ont altern\u00e9, entra\u00eenant une modification de la circulation oc\u00e9anique globale. A l'aide d'indicateurs pal\u00e9oclimatiques et pal\u00e9o-oc\u00e9anographiques, des chercheurs du CEREGE (1) ont mis en \u00e9vidence un m\u00e9canisme de r\u00e9troaction de la circulation oc\u00e9anique sur le\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/atlantique.jpg?fit=358%2C224&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":24452,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/le-retour-fracassant-de-la-nina-suggere-que-des-details-importants-manquent-dans-les-modeles-climatiques\/","url_meta":{"origin":3475,"position":2},"title":"Le retour fracassant de La Ni\u00f1a sugg\u00e8re que des d\u00e9tails importants manquent dans les mod\u00e8les climatiques","author":"Admin","date":"5 octobre 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Alors que le monde se pr\u00e9pare \u00e0 une troisi\u00e8me ann\u00e9e cons\u00e9cutive de conditions exceptionnelles de La Ni\u00f1a, une nouvelle \u00e9tude r\u00e9v\u00e8le comment nos mod\u00e8les climatiques pourraient avoir manqu\u00e9 cet effet d\u00e9sastreux de \"triple creux\". C'est la premi\u00e8re fois en un si\u00e8cle que La Ni\u00f1a se maintient aussi longtemps, et sa\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sst-nina-noaa-septembre-2021.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sst-nina-noaa-septembre-2021.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sst-nina-noaa-septembre-2021.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sst-nina-noaa-septembre-2021.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sst-nina-noaa-septembre-2021.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":24807,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/retour-imminent-del-nino\/","url_meta":{"origin":3475,"position":3},"title":"Retour imminent d&rsquo;El Nino","author":"Admin","date":"19 mars 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique La Ni\u00f1a, qui a notamment intensifi\u00e9 la s\u00e9cheresse et les inondations dans plusieurs r\u00e9gions du monde, est enfin termin\u00e9 mais celui qui va suivre, \u00e0 savoir El Ni\u00f1o, pourrait apporter d'autres probl\u00e8mes. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, La Ni\u00f1a entra\u00eene des conditions plus humides dans certaines parties du nord de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nina-sst-17-mars-2023.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nina-sst-17-mars-2023.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nina-sst-17-mars-2023.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nina-sst-17-mars-2023.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nina-sst-17-mars-2023.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":235,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/indices-naoensopdo\/","url_meta":{"origin":3475,"position":4},"title":"Indices NAO,ENSO,PDO&#8230;","author":"Admin","date":"18 avril 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Indices NAO,ENSO,PDO... Il existe cinq ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes majeurs caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par une variation du couple Oc\u00e9an-Atmosph\u00e8re : l\u2019ENSO, la PDO, l\u2019IOD, la NAO et l\u2019AO. Ils sont repartis sur toutes les mers du globe et disposent chacun de deux phases, l\u2019une dite \u00ab positive \u00bb, l\u2019autre dite \u00ab n\u00e9gative \u00bb. ENSO :\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/meteorologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":24270,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/secheresse-la-nina-en-cause\/","url_meta":{"origin":3475,"position":5},"title":"S\u00e8cheresse, la Nina en cause","author":"Admin","date":"7 ao\u00fbt 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne La Ni\u00f1a pourrait durer jusqu'en 2023, et ce n'est pas une bonne nouvelle L'ONU a annonc\u00e9 vendredi que La Ni\u00f1a pourrait durer jusqu'en 2023. Les cons\u00e9quences mondiales de ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne m\u00e9t\u00e9o ravageur, cousin d'El Ni\u00f1o ? Pluies abondantes, cyclones, s\u00e9cheresse... Mais qu'est-ce que La Ni\u00f1a ? En simplifi\u00e9,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/secheresse-beau-temps.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/secheresse-beau-temps.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/secheresse-beau-temps.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/secheresse-beau-temps.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3475","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3475"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3475\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3477,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3475\/revisions\/3477"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3476"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3475"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}