{"id":30052,"date":"2026-09-15T07:00:31","date_gmt":"2026-09-15T05:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=30052"},"modified":"2026-08-12T16:18:39","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T14:18:39","slug":"forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete\/","title":{"rendered":"For\u00eats primaires : les derni\u00e8res grandes cath\u00e9drales sauvages de la plan\u00e8te"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Elles existaient bien avant nos villes, nos routes et m\u00eame nos civilisations. Certaines n\u2019ont jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9frich\u00e9es ni exploit\u00e9es de fa\u00e7on intensive par l\u2019\u00eatre humain. Les <strong>for\u00eats primaires<\/strong> constituent aujourd\u2019hui ce qui se rapproche le plus des grands \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes forestiers naturels qui couvraient autrefois une large partie des continents.<\/p>\n<p>Amazonie, bassin du Congo, for\u00eats bor\u00e9ales du Canada et de Sib\u00e9rie, jungles de Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e ou derni\u00e8res vieilles for\u00eats europ\u00e9ennes : elles sont dispers\u00e9es aux quatre coins du globe, mais leur superficie continue de diminuer.<\/p>\n<p>Et contrairement \u00e0 une id\u00e9e r\u00e9pandue, <strong>replanter des arbres ne permet pas r\u00e9ellement de recr\u00e9er une for\u00eat primaire<\/strong>. Celle-ci est le r\u00e9sultat de si\u00e8cles, parfois de mill\u00e9naires, d\u2019\u00e9volution \u00e9cologique.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_30055\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30055\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"30055\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete\/forets-primaires\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Forets-primaires.png?fit=1048%2C620&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1048,620\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Forets primaires\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Forets-primaires.png?fit=800%2C473&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-30055 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Forets-primaires.png?resize=800%2C473&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Forets-primaires.png?resize=800%2C473&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Forets-primaires.png?resize=300%2C177&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Forets-primaires.png?resize=80%2C47&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Forets-primaires.png?resize=768%2C454&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Forets-primaires.png?resize=928%2C549&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Forets-primaires.png?resize=480%2C284&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Forets-primaires.png?w=1048&amp;ssl=1 1048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-30055\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Credit Wikip\u00e9dia <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Qu\u2019appelle-t-on exactement une for\u00eat primaire ?<\/h2>\n<p>La d\u00e9finition peut l\u00e9g\u00e8rement varier selon les organismes scientifiques.<\/p>\n<p>La Convention sur la diversit\u00e9 biologique d\u00e9finit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une for\u00eat primaire comme une for\u00eat qui <strong>n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 exploit\u00e9e industriellement ou fortement d\u00e9frich\u00e9e<\/strong>, et dont la dynamique reste domin\u00e9e par les processus naturels. Une utilisation traditionnelle limit\u00e9e par des populations autochtones n\u2019exclut donc pas n\u00e9cessairement une for\u00eat de cette cat\u00e9gorie.<\/p>\n<p>Une for\u00eat primaire n\u2019est donc pas simplement une for\u00eat contenant de tr\u00e8s vieux arbres.<\/p>\n<p>Elle constitue un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me complexe o\u00f9 les diff\u00e9rentes g\u00e9n\u00e9rations d\u2019arbres se succ\u00e8dent naturellement. On y trouve g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>de tr\u00e8s vieux arbres ;<\/li>\n<li>des arbres jeunes poussant dans les trou\u00e9es ;<\/li>\n<li>des arbres morts encore debout ;<\/li>\n<li>une grande quantit\u00e9 de bois mort au sol ;<\/li>\n<li>plusieurs niveaux de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation ;<\/li>\n<li>des sols forestiers anciens ;<\/li>\n<li>des communaut\u00e9s complexes de champignons, insectes, oiseaux et mammif\u00e8res.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les incendies naturels, temp\u00eates, chutes d\u2019arbres, maladies ou attaques d\u2019insectes peuvent modifier localement une for\u00eat primaire sans lui faire perdre son caract\u00e8re naturel.<\/p>\n<p>C&rsquo;est justement cette succession permanente de destruction et de r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration qui entretient son extraordinaire diversit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h2>For\u00eat primaire et for\u00eat ancienne : ce n&rsquo;est pas exactement la m\u00eame chose<\/h2>\n<p>Les termes sont souvent confondus.<\/p>\n<p>Une <strong>for\u00eat primaire<\/strong> est avant tout caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par l&rsquo;absence de modification humaine majeure.<\/p>\n<p>Une <strong>for\u00eat ancienne ou vieille for\u00eat<\/strong> \u2014 <em>old-growth forest<\/em> en anglais \u2014 d\u00e9signe g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une for\u00eat ayant atteint des stades tr\u00e8s avanc\u00e9s de maturit\u00e9 \u00e9cologique.<\/p>\n<p>Une for\u00eat secondaire abandonn\u00e9e depuis plusieurs si\u00e8cles peut donc progressivement acqu\u00e9rir certaines caract\u00e9ristiques d&rsquo;une vieille for\u00eat sans forc\u00e9ment \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme v\u00e9ritablement primaire.<\/p>\n<p>En Europe, o\u00f9 presque toutes les for\u00eats ont \u00e9t\u00e9 exploit\u00e9es \u00e0 un moment ou \u00e0 un autre de l&rsquo;histoire, cette distinction est particuli\u00e8rement importante. L&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne a d&rsquo;ailleurs publi\u00e9 en 2023 des lignes directrices sp\u00e9cifiques pour identifier, cartographier et prot\u00e9ger les derni\u00e8res for\u00eats primaires et anciennes du continent.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22872\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22872\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"22872\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/le-monde-connait-un-grave-probleme-de-deforestation-explications\/indonesia-environment-deforestation\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/indonesie-deforestation.jpg?fit=966%2C722&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"966,722\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;AFP&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Combo of photos taken on October 16, 2010 during an aerial survey mission by Greenpeace over Sumatra island shows an area of rainforest of the Sungai Sembilang National Park (L) while nearby, at the edge of the protected area, a lone tree (R) isolated after the peatland forest was cut and cleared in a huge paper and pulpwood concession area located in South Sumatra province. According to the global environmental campaign group, massive concessions of paper and pulpwood companies are operating in the Island&#039;s last remaining peatland forest and the habitat of the endangered Sumatran tiger. The destruction of rainforests and peatlands is the major reason Indonesia is considered the world&#039;s third largest emitter of greenhouse gases, blamed for global warming. AFP PHOTO \/ ROMEO GACAD&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1287235390&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;INDONESIA-ENVIRONMENT-DEFORESTATION&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"INDONESIA-ENVIRONMENT-DEFORESTATION\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;A gauche, for\u00eat tropicale dans le parc national de Sungai Sembilang, dans la province de Sumatra du Sud, en Indon\u00e9sie ; \u00e0 droite, non loin de l\u00e0, un arbre isol\u00e9 apr\u00e8s que la for\u00eat a \u00e9t\u00e9 coup\u00e9e dans une immense concession de production de papier et de p\u00e2te \u00e0 papier. Les deux photos ont \u00e9t\u00e9 prises le 16 octobre 2010 lors d&amp;rsquo;une mission de reconnaissance a\u00e9rienne de Greenpeace dans l&amp;rsquo;\u00eele de Sumatra. AFP PHOTO\/ROMEO GACAD&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/indonesie-deforestation.jpg?fit=800%2C598&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-22872 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/indonesie-deforestation.jpg?resize=800%2C598&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/indonesie-deforestation.jpg?resize=800%2C598&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/indonesie-deforestation.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/indonesie-deforestation.jpg?resize=80%2C60&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/indonesie-deforestation.jpg?resize=768%2C574&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/indonesie-deforestation.jpg?resize=174%2C131&amp;ssl=1 174w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/indonesie-deforestation.jpg?resize=70%2C53&amp;ssl=1 70w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/indonesie-deforestation.jpg?w=966&amp;ssl=1 966w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22872\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>A gauche, for\u00eat tropicale dans le parc national de Sungai Sembilang, dans la province de Sumatra du Sud, en Indon\u00e9sie ; \u00e0 droite, non loin de l\u00e0, un arbre isol\u00e9 apr\u00e8s que la for\u00eat a \u00e9t\u00e9 coup\u00e9e dans une immense concession de production de papier et de p\u00e2te \u00e0 papier. Les deux photos ont \u00e9t\u00e9 prises le 16 octobre 2010 lors d&rsquo;une mission de reconnaissance a\u00e9rienne de Greenpeace dans l&rsquo;\u00eele de Sumatra. AFP PHOTO\/ROMEO GACAD<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes dont l&rsquo;histoire remonte \u00e0 pr\u00e8s de 400 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es<\/h2>\n<p>Les for\u00eats telles que nous les connaissons sont \u00e9videmment beaucoup plus anciennes que l&rsquo;humanit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Les premiers v\u00e9ritables \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes forestiers apparaissent au <strong>D\u00e9vonien, il y a environ 385 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es<\/strong>. Des arbres primitifs comme <em>Archaeopteris<\/em> pouvaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 former de vastes peuplements et atteindre plusieurs dizaines de m\u00e8tres de hauteur.<\/p>\n<p>Cette r\u00e9volution v\u00e9g\u00e9tale a profond\u00e9ment transform\u00e9 notre plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p>Le d\u00e9veloppement de racines profondes a acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9 l&rsquo;alt\u00e9ration des roches, modifi\u00e9 les sols et particip\u00e9 aux grands cycles g\u00e9ochimiques, notamment celui du carbone.<\/p>\n<p>Depuis, les for\u00eats ont travers\u00e9 plusieurs extinctions massives, bouleversements climatiques, glaciations et d\u00e9placements des continents.<\/p>\n<p>Les for\u00eats primaires actuelles ne sont donc \u00e9videmment pas \u00e2g\u00e9es de 385 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es. Les arbres qui les constituent se renouvellent continuellement.<\/p>\n<p>C&rsquo;est <strong>l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me forestier et sa continuit\u00e9 \u00e9cologique<\/strong> qui peuvent \u00eatre extr\u00eamement anciens.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_30068\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30068\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"30068\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete\/foret-epoque-carbonifaire\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?fit=1448%2C1086&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1448,1086\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Foret \u00e9poque carbonifaire\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?fit=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-30068 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?resize=800%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?resize=80%2C60&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?resize=1226%2C920&amp;ssl=1 1226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?resize=928%2C696&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?resize=480%2C360&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-epoque-carbonifaire.jpg?w=1448&amp;ssl=1 1448w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-30068\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration for\u00eat \u00e9poque du carbonifaire<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Avant l&rsquo;homme, des continents largement forestiers<\/h2>\n<p>Pendant des millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, le climat d\u00e9terminait principalement la r\u00e9partition des for\u00eats.<\/p>\n<p>Avec l&rsquo;expansion des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s humaines, puis surtout de l&rsquo;agriculture, de vastes surfaces ont progressivement \u00e9t\u00e9 transform\u00e9es en p\u00e2turages, terres agricoles ou zones urbaines.<\/p>\n<p>En Europe notamment, plusieurs mill\u00e9naires d&rsquo;agriculture, d&rsquo;exploitation du bois, de construction navale, de m\u00e9tallurgie et d&rsquo;urbanisation ont presque totalement fait dispara\u00eetre les grandes for\u00eats v\u00e9ritablement sauvages.<\/p>\n<p>Ailleurs, notamment dans certaines r\u00e9gions tropicales et bor\u00e9ales tr\u00e8s difficiles d&rsquo;acc\u00e8s, d&rsquo;immenses ensembles ont longtemps \u00e9chapp\u00e9 \u00e0 une transformation profonde.<\/p>\n<p>Ce sont eux qui constituent aujourd&rsquo;hui les principaux refuges des for\u00eats primaires.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12130\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12130\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"12130\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete\/arbres\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/arbres.jpg?fit=1070%2C713&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1070,713\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"arbres\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/arbres.jpg?fit=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-12130 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/arbres.jpg?resize=800%2C533&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/arbres.jpg?resize=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/arbres.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/arbres.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/arbres.jpg?w=1070&amp;ssl=1 1070w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12130\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>O\u00f9 subsistent les plus grandes for\u00eats primaires ?<\/h2>\n<p>D&rsquo;apr\u00e8s la derni\u00e8re <strong>\u00c9valuation des ressources foresti\u00e8res mondiales 2025 de la FAO<\/strong>, les for\u00eats primaires restent pr\u00e9sentes sur des surfaces consid\u00e9rables, mais leur r\u00e9partition est extr\u00eamement in\u00e9gale. La FAO estime par ailleurs que leur superficie mondiale a diminu\u00e9 d&rsquo;environ <strong>110 millions d&rsquo;hectares entre 1990 et 2025<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>1. L&rsquo;Amazonie<\/h3>\n<p>C&rsquo;est \u00e9videmment le cas le plus spectaculaire.<\/p>\n<p>Le bassin amazonien s&rsquo;\u00e9tend principalement sur le Br\u00e9sil, mais \u00e9galement sur le P\u00e9rou, la Colombie, la Bolivie, l&rsquo;\u00c9quateur, le Venezuela, le Guyana, le Suriname et la Guyane fran\u00e7aise.<\/p>\n<p>Certaines r\u00e9gions abritent encore des millions d&rsquo;hectares de for\u00eats tropicales dont la structure \u00e9cologique reste proche de son \u00e9tat naturel.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;Amazonie constitue \u00e9galement l&rsquo;un des r\u00e9servoirs de biodiversit\u00e9 les plus extraordinaires de la plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p>Mais \u00e9levage bovin, cultures agricoles, routes, extraction mini\u00e8re, exploitation foresti\u00e8re et incendies continuent d&rsquo;en fragmenter certaines parties.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28799\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28799\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"28799\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/lamazonie-destruction-et-disparition\/amazonie-4\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?fit=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1536,1024\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Amazonie\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?fit=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-28799 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?resize=800%2C533&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?resize=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?resize=80%2C53&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?resize=1226%2C817&amp;ssl=1 1226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?resize=928%2C619&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?resize=480%2C320&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?w=1536&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28799\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>2. Le bassin du Congo<\/h3>\n<p>La deuxi\u00e8me grande r\u00e9gion tropicale est situ\u00e9e en Afrique centrale.<\/p>\n<p>Elle concerne notamment la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, la R\u00e9publique du Congo, le Gabon, le Cameroun, la R\u00e9publique centrafricaine et la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale.<\/p>\n<p>Le bassin du Congo repr\u00e9sente aujourd&rsquo;hui <strong>le plus grand puits de carbone forestier tropical encore existant<\/strong>, tandis que la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo poss\u00e8de la deuxi\u00e8me plus vaste superficie de for\u00eat tropicale primaire apr\u00e8s le Br\u00e9sil.<\/p>\n<p>Certaines r\u00e9gions demeurent extraordinairement sauvages.<\/p>\n<p>Mais agriculture itin\u00e9rante, bois-\u00e9nergie, exploitation mini\u00e8re et infrastructures gagnent progressivement du terrain.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_30061\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30061\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"30061\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete\/foret-congo\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?fit=1448%2C1086&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1448,1086\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Foret congo\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?fit=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-30061 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?resize=800%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?resize=80%2C60&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?resize=1226%2C920&amp;ssl=1 1226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?resize=928%2C696&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?resize=480%2C360&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-congo.jpg?w=1448&amp;ssl=1 1448w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-30061\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>3. Canada et Alaska<\/h3>\n<p>Toutes les for\u00eats primaires ne sont pas tropicales.<\/p>\n<p>Les immenses for\u00eats bor\u00e9ales nord-am\u00e9ricaines comptent elles aussi parmi les plus grands espaces forestiers relativement intacts de la plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p>On y trouve notamment \u00e9pic\u00e9as, sapins, pins et m\u00e9l\u00e8zes sur des millions de kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Dans ces r\u00e9gions, l&rsquo;une des menaces croissantes vient d\u00e9sormais du <strong>changement climatique et des incendies g\u00e9ants<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Les saisons 2023 \u00e0 2025 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 particuli\u00e8rement s\u00e9v\u00e8res au Canada. En 2025, les incendies auraient caus\u00e9 environ <strong>5,3 millions d&rsquo;hectares de pertes de couvert arbor\u00e9 canadien<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_30060\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30060\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"30060\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete\/foret-canada-3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?fit=1448%2C1086&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1448,1086\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"For\u00eat canada\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?fit=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-30060 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?resize=800%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?resize=80%2C60&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?resize=1226%2C920&amp;ssl=1 1226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?resize=928%2C696&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?resize=480%2C360&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-canada.jpg?w=1448&amp;ssl=1 1448w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-30060\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>4. Sib\u00e9rie et Extr\u00eame-Orient russe<\/h3>\n<p>La Russie poss\u00e8de \u00e9galement d&rsquo;immenses ensembles bor\u00e9aux.<\/p>\n<p>La Sib\u00e9rie orientale et l&rsquo;Extr\u00eame-Orient contiennent encore de grandes r\u00e9gions extr\u00eamement peu peupl\u00e9es o\u00f9 les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes forestiers sont relativement peu fragment\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Certaines constituent des refuges pour des esp\u00e8ces embl\u00e9matiques comme le tigre de Sib\u00e9rie.<\/p>\n<p>Comme au Canada, les incendies, les s\u00e9cheresses et l&rsquo;exploitation foresti\u00e8re repr\u00e9sentent cependant des pressions croissantes.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_30063\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30063\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"30063\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete\/foret-siberie\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?fit=1448%2C1086&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1448,1086\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"For\u00eat siberie\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?fit=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-30063 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?resize=800%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?resize=80%2C60&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?resize=1226%2C920&amp;ssl=1 1226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?resize=928%2C696&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?resize=480%2C360&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-siberie.jpg?w=1448&amp;ssl=1 1448w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-30063\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>5. Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e<\/h3>\n<p>La Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e \u2014 partag\u00e9e entre l&rsquo;Indon\u00e9sie et la Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e \u2014 poss\u00e8de encore certaines des plus grandes for\u00eats tropicales intactes d&rsquo;Asie-Pacifique.<\/p>\n<p>Son relief montagneux et l&rsquo;isolement de nombreuses r\u00e9gions ont longtemps limit\u00e9 leur exploitation.<\/p>\n<p>Ces for\u00eats comptent parmi les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes biologiquement les plus riches de la plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p>Mais routes, exploitations mini\u00e8res, plantations et exploitation du bois progressent.<\/p>\n<h3>6. Born\u00e9o et Sumatra<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;Indon\u00e9sie conserve encore d&rsquo;importantes for\u00eats primaires, notamment sur Born\u00e9o, Sumatra et dans la partie indon\u00e9sienne de la Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>La situation s&rsquo;est am\u00e9lior\u00e9e par rapport aux taux de destruction observ\u00e9s au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2010 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 plusieurs politiques de protection.<\/p>\n<p>Mais les pressions persistent.<\/p>\n<p>En 2025, la perte de for\u00eat primaire en Indon\u00e9sie a augment\u00e9 d&rsquo;environ <strong>14 % par rapport \u00e0 2024<\/strong>, notamment sous l&rsquo;effet de l&rsquo;expansion agricole et mini\u00e8re, tout en restant nettement inf\u00e9rieure aux niveaux records du milieu des ann\u00e9es 2010.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_30064\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30064\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"30064\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete\/foret-nouvelle-guinee\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?fit=1448%2C1086&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1448,1086\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Foret nouvelle guinee\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?fit=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-30064 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?resize=800%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?resize=80%2C60&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?resize=1226%2C920&amp;ssl=1 1226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?resize=928%2C696&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?resize=480%2C360&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-nouvelle-guinee.jpg?w=1448&amp;ssl=1 1448w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-30064\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Et en Europe ?<\/h2>\n<p>C&rsquo;est probablement ici que la situation est la plus spectaculaire historiquement.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;Europe \u00e9tait autrefois en grande partie recouverte de for\u00eats naturelles.<\/p>\n<p>Mais plusieurs milliers d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es d&rsquo;agriculture, de d\u00e9frichements et d&rsquo;exploitation du bois ont transform\u00e9 presque tous ces paysages.<\/p>\n<p>Il subsiste n\u00e9anmoins quelques joyaux.<\/p>\n<p>Les Carpates \u2014 notamment en Roumanie, Ukraine et Slovaquie \u2014 contiennent encore certaines des plus importantes vieilles for\u00eats du continent.<\/p>\n<p>On trouve \u00e9galement des reliques remarquables en Scandinavie, dans les Balkans et dans plusieurs r\u00e9gions montagneuses ou difficiles d&rsquo;acc\u00e8s.<\/p>\n<p>La c\u00e9l\u00e8bre for\u00eat de <strong>Bia\u0142owie\u017ca<\/strong>, situ\u00e9e entre la Pologne et la Bi\u00e9lorussie, constitue l&rsquo;un des exemples les plus embl\u00e9matiques de for\u00eat ancienne europ\u00e9enne.<\/p>\n<p>Ces fragments sont suffisamment rares pour que l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne se soit engag\u00e9e \u00e0 identifier et \u00e0 placer sous protection stricte les for\u00eats primaires et anciennes encore pr\u00e9sentes sur son territoire.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_30057\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30057\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"30057\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete\/europe-forets-primaires\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-forets-primaires.png?fit=936%2C918&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"936,918\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Europe forets primaires\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-forets-primaires.png?fit=800%2C785&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-30057 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-forets-primaires.png?resize=800%2C785&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"785\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-forets-primaires.png?resize=800%2C785&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-forets-primaires.png?resize=300%2C294&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-forets-primaires.png?resize=61%2C60&amp;ssl=1 61w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-forets-primaires.png?resize=768%2C753&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-forets-primaires.png?resize=928%2C910&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-forets-primaires.png?resize=480%2C471&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-forets-primaires.png?w=936&amp;ssl=1 936w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-30057\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>For\u00eats primaires et anciennes d&rsquo;Europe, d&rsquo;apr\u00e8s European Primary Forest Database (EPFD v2.0) et le rapport UNEP-WCMC 2021 de l&rsquo;UNESCO. Mapping and assessment of primary and old-growth forests in Europe. Union Europ\u00e9enne. 2021<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Existe-t-il encore des for\u00eats primaires en France ?<\/h2>\n<p>Oui, mais elles sont <strong>extr\u00eamement rares en m\u00e9tropole<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>La plupart des for\u00eats fran\u00e7aises ont \u00e9t\u00e9 exploit\u00e9es, coup\u00e9es, p\u00e2tur\u00e9es ou modifi\u00e9es \u00e0 diff\u00e9rentes p\u00e9riodes de l&rsquo;histoire.<\/p>\n<p>Certaines zones tr\u00e8s difficiles d&rsquo;acc\u00e8s dans les Alpes, les Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es, le Massif central ou la Corse pr\u00e9sentent n\u00e9anmoins des caract\u00e9ristiques proches de for\u00eats subnaturelles ou anciennes.<\/p>\n<p>La situation change radicalement lorsqu&rsquo;on consid\u00e8re les territoires fran\u00e7ais d&rsquo;outre-mer.<\/p>\n<p>La <strong>Guyane fran\u00e7aise<\/strong> abrite un immense domaine amazonien dont de vastes portions pr\u00e9sentent encore un tr\u00e8s haut degr\u00e9 de naturalit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Elle repr\u00e9sente donc probablement le patrimoine de for\u00eat tropicale primaire le plus important de l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne.<\/p>\n<h2>Pourquoi les for\u00eats primaires sont-elles irrempla\u00e7ables ?<\/h2>\n<p>On pourrait penser qu&rsquo;il suffit de couper une for\u00eat puis de planter autant d&rsquo;arbres ailleurs.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9cologiquement, les deux op\u00e9rations ne sont absolument pas \u00e9quivalentes.<\/p>\n<p>Une plantation de jeunes arbres peut absorber du CO\u2082 et produire du bois.<\/p>\n<p>Mais elle ne recr\u00e9e pas instantan\u00e9ment :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>les vieux arbres creux ;<\/li>\n<li>les microhabitats ;<\/li>\n<li>les champignons sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s ;<\/li>\n<li>les sols forestiers complexes ;<\/li>\n<li>les centaines d&rsquo;esp\u00e8ces d\u00e9pendantes du bois mort ;<\/li>\n<li>les r\u00e9seaux racinaires ;<\/li>\n<li>les associations mycorhiziennes ;<\/li>\n<li>ou encore la diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique accumul\u00e9e naturellement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Certaines structures \u00e9cologiques n\u00e9cessitent <strong>plusieurs si\u00e8cles<\/strong> pour appara\u00eetre.<\/p>\n<p>La Convention sur la diversit\u00e9 biologique souligne ainsi que toute la biodiversit\u00e9 foresti\u00e8re n&rsquo;est pas n\u00e9cessairement renouvelable : la disparition de for\u00eats primaires ou de tr\u00e8s vieilles for\u00eats \u00e0 haute int\u00e9grit\u00e9 peut entra\u00eener des pertes pratiquement irr\u00e9versibles \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle humaine.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14152\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14152\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"14152\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/je-suis-votre-maison\/arbre-dechets\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/arbre-dechets.png?fit=688%2C398&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"688,398\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"arbre-dechets\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/arbre-dechets.png?fit=688%2C398&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-14152\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/arbre-dechets.png?resize=800%2C463&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"463\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/arbre-dechets.png?w=688&amp;ssl=1 688w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/arbre-dechets.png?resize=300%2C174&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14152\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>D&rsquo;immenses r\u00e9servoirs de carbone<\/h2>\n<p>Les vieilles for\u00eats contiennent \u00e9galement des quantit\u00e9s consid\u00e9rables de carbone.<\/p>\n<p>Celui-ci est stock\u00e9 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dans les troncs ;<\/li>\n<li>dans les branches ;<\/li>\n<li>dans les racines ;<\/li>\n<li>dans le bois mort ;<\/li>\n<li>dans la liti\u00e8re ;<\/li>\n<li>et surtout dans certains sols forestiers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u00eame une for\u00eat tr\u00e8s ancienne continue par ailleurs d&rsquo;\u00e9changer et parfois d&rsquo;accumuler du carbone.<\/p>\n<p>La protection des for\u00eats primaires repr\u00e9sente donc une double strat\u00e9gie climatique : <strong>\u00e9viter de lib\u00e9rer le carbone d\u00e9j\u00e0 stock\u00e9 et pr\u00e9server les m\u00e9canismes naturels permettant d&rsquo;en accumuler davantage.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>2024 : une ann\u00e9e catastrophique<\/h2>\n<p>La situation r\u00e9cente montre cependant leur vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;ann\u00e9e 2024 a \u00e9t\u00e9 exceptionnellement destructrice pour les for\u00eats tropicales primaires, en grande partie \u00e0 cause d&rsquo;immenses incendies favoris\u00e9s par la s\u00e9cheresse et la chaleur.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29763\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29763\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"29763\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/incendies-en-espagne-et-en-italie-leurope-mediterraneenne-de-nouveau-encerclee-par-les-flammes\/incendie-4\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?fit=1672%2C941&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1672,941\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"incendie\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;illustration&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?fit=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-29763 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?resize=800%2C450&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?resize=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?resize=80%2C45&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?resize=1226%2C690&amp;ssl=1 1226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?resize=928%2C522&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?resize=480%2C270&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/incendie.png?w=1672&amp;ssl=1 1672w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29763\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>2025 : am\u00e9lioration\u2026 mais pas de victoire<\/h2>\n<p>Les donn\u00e9es publi\u00e9es en avril 2026 apportent toutefois une bonne nouvelle.<\/p>\n<p>La perte de for\u00eat tropicale primaire a diminu\u00e9 de <strong>36 % entre 2024 et 2025<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Mais cette am\u00e9lioration doit \u00eatre relativis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Environ <strong>4,3 millions d&rsquo;hectares de for\u00eat tropicale primaire ont encore disparu en 2025<\/strong>, soit l&rsquo;\u00e9quivalent de plus de onze terrains de football chaque minute selon le World Resources Institute.<\/p>\n<p>Le niveau de perte reste m\u00eame environ <strong>46 % sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui observ\u00e9 une d\u00e9cennie auparavant<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration de 2025 provient notamment du Br\u00e9sil, o\u00f9 les pertes de for\u00eat primaire ont fortement diminu\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Cela montre cependant quelque chose d&rsquo;int\u00e9ressant : <strong>la destruction des for\u00eats n&rsquo;est pas une fatalit\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Les politiques publiques et les contr\u00f4les peuvent avoir des effets rapides.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_15515\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15515\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"15515\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/linde-vient-de-planter-plus-de-66-millions-darbres-en-seulement-12-heures\/arbre-inde\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/arbre-inde.jpg?fit=1100%2C619&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1100,619\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"arbre-inde\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/arbre-inde.jpg?fit=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-15515 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/arbre-inde.jpg?resize=800%2C450&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/arbre-inde.jpg?resize=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/arbre-inde.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/arbre-inde.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/arbre-inde.jpg?resize=580%2C326&amp;ssl=1 580w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/arbre-inde.jpg?resize=174%2C98&amp;ssl=1 174w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/arbre-inde.jpg?w=1100&amp;ssl=1 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-15515\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration plantations d&rsquo;arbres en Inde<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Les grandes menaces du XXIe si\u00e8cle<\/h2>\n<p>Plusieurs ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes se combinent d\u00e9sormais.<\/p>\n<h3>L&rsquo;expansion agricole<\/h3>\n<p>Elle reste la principale cause de destruction des for\u00eats tropicales.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9levage bovin, soja, huile de palme, cacao, cultures commerciales ou agriculture de subsistance remplacent progressivement certaines zones foresti\u00e8res.<\/p>\n<h3>Les routes<\/h3>\n<p>Une route foresti\u00e8re para\u00eet parfois insignifiante sur une carte.<\/p>\n<p>Elle peut pourtant constituer le d\u00e9but d&rsquo;un processus beaucoup plus vaste.<\/p>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s la route arrivent exploitation foresti\u00e8re, agriculture, mines et implantation humaine.<\/p>\n<p>La for\u00eat se fragmente progressivement.<\/p>\n<h3>L&rsquo;exploitation mini\u00e8re<\/h3>\n<p>Or, cuivre, nickel, bauxite, cobalt ou autres minerais n\u00e9cessaires aux \u00e9conomies modernes peuvent provoquer des d\u00e9frichements directs mais aussi indirects en entra\u00eenant construction de routes et installation de populations.<\/p>\n<h3>Les incendies<\/h3>\n<p>Dans certaines for\u00eats, les incendies sont naturels.<\/p>\n<p>Mais leur fr\u00e9quence et leur intensit\u00e9 augmentent dans plusieurs r\u00e9gions sous l&rsquo;effet conjoint des activit\u00e9s humaines, de la s\u00e9cheresse et de temp\u00e9ratures plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>En 2025, environ <strong>42 % des 25,5 millions d&rsquo;hectares de pertes mondiales de couvert arbor\u00e9<\/strong> \u00e9taient associ\u00e9s aux incendies.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22952\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22952\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"22952\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/aout-2021-les-incendies-ravagent-les-pays-mediterraneens\/incendie-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/incendie.jpg?fit=1920%2C1080&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"incendie\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;credit https:\/\/www.histoiresdepompiers.fr\/2017\/09\/03\/soupcons-dincendie-criminel-var\/&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/incendie.jpg?fit=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-22952 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/incendie.jpg?resize=800%2C450&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/incendie.jpg?resize=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/incendie.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/incendie.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/incendie.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/incendie.jpg?resize=580%2C326&amp;ssl=1 580w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/incendie.jpg?resize=174%2C98&amp;ssl=1 174w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/incendie.jpg?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22952\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">credit https:\/\/www.histoiresdepompiers.fr\/2017\/09\/03\/soupcons-dincendie-criminel-var\/<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Le changement climatique<\/h3>\n<p>C&rsquo;est probablement la menace la plus difficile \u00e0 contr\u00f4ler.<\/p>\n<p>Une for\u00eat peut \u00eatre prot\u00e9g\u00e9e contre les tron\u00e7onneuses et malgr\u00e9 tout \u00eatre fragilis\u00e9e par :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>des s\u00e9cheresses r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es ;<\/li>\n<li>des vagues de chaleur ;<\/li>\n<li>de gigantesques incendies ;<\/li>\n<li>des temp\u00eates ;<\/li>\n<li>des parasites ;<\/li>\n<li>des maladies ;<\/li>\n<li>ou le d\u00e9placement des zones climatiques favorables aux diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les for\u00eats du futur devront donc parfois survivre dans un climat tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rent de celui dans lequel elles se sont constitu\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<h2>L&rsquo;Amazonie pourrait-elle atteindre un point de bascule ?<\/h2>\n<p>C&rsquo;est l&rsquo;une des grandes inqui\u00e9tudes scientifiques.<\/p>\n<p>La for\u00eat amazonienne produit elle-m\u00eame une partie importante de son humidit\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9vapotranspiration des arbres.<\/p>\n<p>Une d\u00e9forestation trop importante combin\u00e9e au r\u00e9chauffement pourrait r\u00e9duire les pr\u00e9cipitations dans certaines r\u00e9gions.<\/p>\n<p>Cela entra\u00eenerait davantage de s\u00e9cheresse.<\/p>\n<p>La s\u00e9cheresse favoriserait les incendies.<\/p>\n<p>Les incendies d\u00e9truiraient davantage de for\u00eat.<\/p>\n<p>Un cercle vicieux pourrait alors appara\u00eetre.<\/p>\n<p>Le World Resources Institute souligne que la combinaison de la d\u00e9forestation et du changement climatique pourrait pousser certaines parties de l&rsquo;Amazonie vers des paysages forestiers beaucoup plus d\u00e9grad\u00e9s, voire proches de formations de type savane.<\/p>\n<p>Il ne s&rsquo;agirait probablement pas d&rsquo;une transformation brutale de toute l&rsquo;Amazonie, mais plut\u00f4t d&rsquo;une d\u00e9gradation progressive de certaines r\u00e9gions.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_18182\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18182\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"18182\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/jugee-non-productive-la-foret-amazonienne-va-etre-devastee-par-le-bresil-pour-etre-urbanisee\/amazonie-3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/amazonie-1.jpg?fit=1000%2C667&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1000,667\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"amazonie\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/amazonie-1.jpg?fit=800%2C534&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-18182 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/amazonie-1.jpg?resize=800%2C534&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/amazonie-1.jpg?resize=800%2C534&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/amazonie-1.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/amazonie-1.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/amazonie-1.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-18182\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Peut-on recr\u00e9er une for\u00eat primaire ?<\/h2>\n<p>Pas v\u00e9ritablement \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle d&rsquo;une vie humaine.<\/p>\n<p>On peut restaurer une for\u00eat.<\/p>\n<p>On peut laisser repousser naturellement une zone d\u00e9bois\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Une for\u00eat secondaire peut devenir extr\u00eamement riche et retrouver progressivement certaines caract\u00e9ristiques d&rsquo;une for\u00eat naturelle.<\/p>\n<p>Mais retrouver l&rsquo;ensemble des structures d&rsquo;une for\u00eat primaire demande beaucoup de temps.<\/p>\n<p>Dans certains \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes, <strong>plusieurs centaines d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es voire davantage<\/strong> peuvent \u00eatre n\u00e9cessaires.<\/p>\n<p>C&rsquo;est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment pourquoi la conservation des for\u00eats existantes est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement beaucoup plus efficace que leur destruction suivie d&rsquo;une hypoth\u00e9tique restauration.<\/p>\n<p>Un arbre peut \u00eatre replant\u00e9 en quelques minutes.<\/p>\n<p>Un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me vieux de plusieurs si\u00e8cles ne peut pas l&rsquo;\u00eatre.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27529\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27529\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"27529\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-chine-a-plante-tellement-darbres-que-cela-a-transforme-la-distribution-deau-dans-tout-le-pays\/muraille-verte-chine\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/muraille-verte-chine.webp?fit=650%2C366&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"650,366\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"muraille verte chine\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;La Grande Muraille verte est un vaste projet de reboisement dans le nord de la Chine visant \u00e0 ralentir la d\u00e9sertification. (Cr\u00e9dit photo : PEDRO PARDO\/AFP via Getty Images)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/muraille-verte-chine.webp?fit=650%2C366&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-27529\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/muraille-verte-chine.webp?resize=800%2C450&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/muraille-verte-chine.webp?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/muraille-verte-chine.webp?resize=580%2C326&amp;ssl=1 580w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/muraille-verte-chine.webp?resize=174%2C98&amp;ssl=1 174w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/muraille-verte-chine.webp?w=650&amp;ssl=1 650w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27529\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>La Grande Muraille verte est un vaste projet de reboisement dans le nord de la Chine visant \u00e0 ralentir la d\u00e9sertification. (Cr\u00e9dit photo : PEDRO PARDO\/AFP via Getty Images)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Quel avenir pour les for\u00eats primaires ?<\/h2>\n<p>Deux sc\u00e9narios sont d\u00e9sormais possibles.<\/p>\n<p>Dans le premier, la demande mondiale en terres agricoles, en bois, en \u00e9nergie et en minerais continue d&rsquo;augmenter tandis que les s\u00e9cheresses et incendies deviennent plus fr\u00e9quents.<\/p>\n<p>Les grandes for\u00eats primaires seraient alors progressivement fragment\u00e9es en \u00eelots isol\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00eame si la surface foresti\u00e8re mondiale pouvait augmenter gr\u00e2ce aux plantations et aux for\u00eats secondaires, <strong>la qualit\u00e9 \u00e9cologique globale des for\u00eats pourrait continuer \u00e0 diminuer<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Dans le second sc\u00e9nario, les derni\u00e8res grandes zones intactes sont progressivement sanctuaris\u00e9es, les droits territoriaux des peuples autochtones sont renforc\u00e9s, l&rsquo;agriculture progresse principalement sur les terres d\u00e9j\u00e0 exploit\u00e9es et les for\u00eats d\u00e9grad\u00e9es sont restaur\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Les r\u00e9sultats enregistr\u00e9s dans plusieurs pays montrent qu&rsquo;une diminution rapide de la destruction reste possible lorsque les politiques sont r\u00e9ellement appliqu\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Mais le temps presse.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;objectif international reste de <strong>stopper et inverser la perte des for\u00eats d&rsquo;ici 2030<\/strong>. Or, malgr\u00e9 l&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration observ\u00e9e en 2025, le niveau mondial de d\u00e9forestation restait encore environ <strong>70 % sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 la trajectoire n\u00e9cessaire pour atteindre cet objectif<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29802\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29802\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"29802\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-forets-boreales-migrent-vers-le-nord-36-ans-dimages-satellites-revelent-une-transformation-majeure\/foret-boreale-3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?fit=1448%2C1086&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1448,1086\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"For\u00eat bor\u00e9ale 3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?fit=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-29802 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?resize=800%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?resize=80%2C60&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?resize=1226%2C920&amp;ssl=1 1226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?resize=928%2C696&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?resize=480%2C360&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Foret-boreale-3.jpg?w=1448&amp;ssl=1 1448w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29802\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Un patrimoine que nous ne savons pas reconstruire<\/h2>\n<p>Les for\u00eats primaires sont finalement bien davantage que des concentrations d&rsquo;arbres.<\/p>\n<p>Ce sont des <strong>archives vivantes de l&rsquo;\u00e9volution<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Dans leurs sols, leurs troncs morts, leurs champignons, leurs racines et leurs milliers d&rsquo;esp\u00e8ces se trouvent parfois plusieurs si\u00e8cles d&rsquo;interactions biologiques.<\/p>\n<p>Certaines sont suffisamment vastes pour influencer les pr\u00e9cipitations r\u00e9gionales.<\/p>\n<p>D&rsquo;autres stockent d&rsquo;immenses quantit\u00e9s de carbone.<\/p>\n<p>Toutes constituent des laboratoires naturels irrempla\u00e7ables permettant de comprendre comment fonctionne un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me forestier lorsque l&rsquo;\u00eatre humain ne le simplifie pas.<\/p>\n<p>Et c&rsquo;est peut-\u00eatre l\u00e0 leur caract\u00e9ristique la plus importante.<\/p>\n<p>Nous savons planter des milliards d&rsquo;arbres.<\/p>\n<p>Nous savons cr\u00e9er des for\u00eats de production.<\/p>\n<p>Nous pouvons restaurer des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes d\u00e9grad\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Mais <strong>nous ne savons pas fabriquer une for\u00eat primaire<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Pour en obtenir une nouvelle, il faudrait essentiellement accomplir quelque chose que nos soci\u00e9t\u00e9s modernes ont beaucoup de mal \u00e0 accepter :<\/p>\n<p>planter ou laisser pousser une for\u00eat\u2026<\/p>\n<p>puis ne presque plus y toucher pendant plusieurs si\u00e8cles.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_30072\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30072\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"30072\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/forets-primaires-les-dernieres-grandes-cathedrales-sauvages-de-la-planete\/foret-3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?fit=1672%2C941&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1672,941\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Foret\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?fit=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-30072 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?resize=800%2C450&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?resize=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?resize=80%2C45&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?resize=1226%2C690&amp;ssl=1 1226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?resize=928%2C522&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?resize=480%2C270&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?w=1672&amp;ssl=1 1672w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-30072\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Adaptation Terra Projects&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Sources principales<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>FAO \u2013 Global Forest Resources Assessment 2025 : \u00e9tat mondial des for\u00eats, \u00e9volution des for\u00eats primaires et chiffres de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence. La FAO estime notamment une diminution d\u2019environ 110 millions d\u2019hectares de for\u00eats primaires entre 1990 et 2025.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>World Resources Institute \/ Global Forest Watch \u2013 Global Forest Review 2026 : pertes r\u00e9centes de for\u00eats tropicales primaires, incendies et d\u00e9forestation. En 2025, environ 4,3 millions d\u2019hectares de for\u00eat tropicale primaire ont disparu, soit 36 % de moins qu\u2019en 2024.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Convention sur la diversit\u00e9 biologique (CBD) : d\u00e9finition d\u2019une for\u00eat primaire et r\u00f4le de la biodiversit\u00e9 foresti\u00e8re.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Commission europ\u00e9enne \u2013 For\u00eats primaires et anciennes : d\u00e9finition, cartographie, suivi et protection stricte des derni\u00e8res for\u00eats primaires et anciennes de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Global Forest Review : donn\u00e9es concernant les grands paysages forestiers intacts des r\u00e9gions bor\u00e9ales, notamment au Canada et en Russie\/Sib\u00e9rie, fortement touch\u00e9s par les incendies et l\u2019exploitation foresti\u00e8re<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"30052\">(3)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Elles existaient bien avant nos villes, nos routes et m\u00eame nos civilisations. Certaines n\u2019ont jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9frich\u00e9es ni exploit\u00e9es de&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30072,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecologie","wpcat-27-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-7OI","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":3373,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-forets-disparaissent\/","url_meta":{"origin":30052,"position":0},"title":"Les for\u00eats disparaissent","author":"Admin","date":"24 mars 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Dans le monde, chaque ann\u00e9e, 16 millions d'hectares de for\u00eats naturelles disparaissent. Les for\u00eats s'\u00e9tendent actuellement sur pr\u00e8s de 4 milliards d'hectares, soit 30 % de la superficie \u00e9merg\u00e9e de la plan\u00e8te, ce qui \u00e9quivaut \u00e0 une moyenne de 0,64 hectare par habitant. Le solde entre les destructions et le\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2563,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/lamazonie-destruction-et-disparition\/","url_meta":{"origin":30052,"position":1},"title":"Amazonie : la plus grande for\u00eat tropicale du monde est-elle en danger ?","author":"Admin","date":"9 d\u00e9cembre 2004","format":false,"excerpt":"Chaque jour, des milliers d'hectares de for\u00eats disparaissent \u00e0 travers le monde. Parmi elles, l'Amazonie occupe une place particuli\u00e8re. V\u00e9ritable tr\u00e9sor de biodiversit\u00e9, cette immense for\u00eat tropicale joue un r\u00f4le majeur dans le cycle de l'eau, le stockage du carbone et la r\u00e9gulation du climat mondial. Depuis plusieurs d\u00e9cennies, la\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Amazonie.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":10578,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/le-mont-taranaki-et-le-parc-national-degmont-le-plus-symetrique-du-monde\/","url_meta":{"origin":30052,"position":2},"title":"Le Mont Taranaki et le Parc national d&rsquo;Egmont, le plus sym\u00e9trique du monde","author":"Admin","date":"25 janvier 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Le Mont Taranaki, \u00e9galement connu sous le nom du\u00a0mont Egmont, est situ\u00e9 sur la c\u00f4te ouest du Nord de l'\u00eele de la Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande. Consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l'un des c\u00f4nes\u00a0volcaniques le plus sym\u00e9trique du\u00a0monde. Le volcan \u00e9tait \"n\u00e9\" il y a 120.000 ans et est entr\u00e9 en \u00e9ruption\u00a0la derni\u00e8re fois en 1775,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Seismes\/Volcans&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Seismes\/Volcans","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/seismes-et-volcans\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/mount-taranaki.jpg?fit=725%2C375&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/mount-taranaki.jpg?fit=725%2C375&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/mount-taranaki.jpg?fit=725%2C375&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/mount-taranaki.jpg?fit=725%2C375&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":27528,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-chine-a-plante-tellement-darbres-que-cela-a-transforme-la-distribution-deau-dans-tout-le-pays\/","url_meta":{"origin":30052,"position":3},"title":"La Chine a plant\u00e9 tellement d&rsquo;arbres que cela a transform\u00e9 la distribution d&rsquo;eau dans tout le pays","author":"Admin","date":"9 d\u00e9cembre 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Les vastes efforts de \u00ab reverdissement \u00bb entrepris en Chine au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies ont activ\u00e9 le cycle de l'eau du pays et d\u00e9plac\u00e9 l'eau d'une mani\u00e8re que les scientifiques commencent tout juste \u00e0 comprendre. Les efforts d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s par la Chine pour ralentir la d\u00e9gradation des terres et le\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/muraille-verte-chine.webp?fit=650%2C366&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/muraille-verte-chine.webp?fit=650%2C366&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/muraille-verte-chine.webp?fit=650%2C366&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":25359,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-plus-grande-foret-sauvage-du-monde-semble-se-reduire-comme-une-peau-de-chagrin\/","url_meta":{"origin":30052,"position":4},"title":"La plus grande for\u00eat sauvage du monde semble se r\u00e9duire comme une peau de chagrin","author":"Admin","date":"14 novembre 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Les for\u00eats bor\u00e9ales de la Terre entourent les extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s septentrionales de notre plan\u00e8te, juste au sud de la toundra sans arbres de l'Arctique. Si la plan\u00e8te porte une calotte glaciaire arctique, les for\u00eats bor\u00e9ales sont un bandeau l\u00e2che enroul\u00e9 autour de ses oreilles, couvrant de larges portions de l'Alaska, du\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/foret-egypte-desert.jpg?fit=768%2C512&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/foret-egypte-desert.jpg?fit=768%2C512&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/foret-egypte-desert.jpg?fit=768%2C512&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/foret-egypte-desert.jpg?fit=768%2C512&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2634,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-foret-canadienne-sera-la-plus-grande-au-monde-dans-20-ans\/","url_meta":{"origin":30052,"position":5},"title":"La For\u00eat Canadienne sera la plus grande au monde dans 20 ans","author":"Admin","date":"30 d\u00e9cembre 2004","format":false,"excerpt":"45 % du territoire Canadien est forestier. Les for\u00eats du Canada font partie int\u00e9grante des cycles \u00e9cologiques \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle plan\u00e9taire, car elles repr\u00e9sentent 10\u00a0p. 100 des for\u00eats du monde; de plus, environ 25\u00a0p. 100 des eaux douces de la plan\u00e8te proviennent de bassins versants situ\u00e9s au Canada. Enfin, les for\u00eats\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Foret-canada.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Foret-canada.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Foret-canada.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Foret-canada.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2004\/12\/Foret-canada.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Foret-.jpg?fit=1672%2C941&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30052","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30052"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30052\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30073,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30052\/revisions\/30073"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30052"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30052"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30052"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}