{"id":2938,"date":"2005-06-10T15:14:21","date_gmt":"2005-06-10T13:14:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil1\/?p=2938"},"modified":"2026-07-04T19:56:45","modified_gmt":"2026-07-04T17:56:45","slug":"demain-une-nouvelle-energie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/demain-une-nouvelle-energie\/","title":{"rendered":"Hydrates de m\u00e9thane : cette \u00ab glace combustible \u00bb qui pourrait transformer l&rsquo;avenir de l&rsquo;\u00e9nergi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"104\" data-end=\"563\">Alors que les r\u00e9serves de p\u00e9trole conventionnel deviennent plus difficiles \u00e0 exploiter et que la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique s&rsquo;acc\u00e9l\u00e8re, une ressource enfouie depuis des millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es sous les oc\u00e9ans suscite un int\u00e9r\u00eat croissant : les hydrates de m\u00e9thane. Longtemps consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme une curiosit\u00e9 g\u00e9ologique, ces cristaux de glace renfermant du gaz naturel pourraient repr\u00e9senter l&rsquo;une des plus importantes r\u00e9serves d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie encore inexploit\u00e9es de la plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"565\" data-end=\"867\">Mais cette promesse \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique s&rsquo;accompagne \u00e9galement de risques majeurs pour le climat. Car si cette ressource peut remplacer une partie du p\u00e9trole, elle demeure une \u00e9nergie fossile dont l&rsquo;exploitation pourrait accentuer les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre si elle n&rsquo;est pas parfaitement ma\u00eetris\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1osys8\" data-start=\"869\" data-end=\"891\">Une glace qui br\u00fble<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"893\" data-end=\"1069\">Les hydrates de m\u00e9thane sont souvent surnomm\u00e9s \u00ab glace combustible \u00bb. Leur apparence est similaire \u00e0 celle de la glace classique, mais leur structure est totalement diff\u00e9rente.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1071\" data-end=\"1289\">Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un cristal form\u00e9 par des mol\u00e9cules d&rsquo;eau qui emprisonnent du m\u00e9thane. Cette structure ne reste stable que dans des conditions tr\u00e8s particuli\u00e8res : des temp\u00e9ratures tr\u00e8s basses et des pressions tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1291\" data-end=\"1323\">On les retrouve principalement :<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1325\" data-end=\"1493\">\n<li data-section-id=\"9gjeqe\" data-start=\"1325\" data-end=\"1369\">sous le perg\u00e9lisol des r\u00e9gions arctiques ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"2392m3\" data-start=\"1370\" data-end=\"1493\">dans les s\u00e9diments marins, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement entre quelques centaines et plusieurs milliers de m\u00e8tres sous le fond des oc\u00e9ans.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1661\">Lorsqu&rsquo;ils remontent \u00e0 la surface, la pression chute. Les cristaux se d\u00e9composent alors rapidement en lib\u00e9rant de l&rsquo;eau et du m\u00e9thane, un gaz extr\u00eamement inflammable.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"4h18it\" data-start=\"1663\" data-end=\"1709\">Une d\u00e9couverte n\u00e9e d&rsquo;un probl\u00e8me industriel<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1711\" data-end=\"1869\">L&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat scientifique pour les hydrates de m\u00e9thane est apparu dans les ann\u00e9es 1960 et 1970, mais leur existence \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 connue des compagnies p\u00e9troli\u00e8res.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1871\" data-end=\"2089\">Dans les gazoducs traversant les r\u00e9gions froides, des bouchons se formaient r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement \u00e0 cause de ces hydrates. Les mol\u00e9cules de m\u00e9thane pi\u00e9g\u00e9es dans la glace finissaient par obstruer compl\u00e8tement les canalisations.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2091\" data-end=\"2213\">Ce qui \u00e9tait alors consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une nuisance industrielle allait progressivement devenir un immense espoir \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"19qcw0a\" data-start=\"2215\" data-end=\"2251\">Une r\u00e9serve gigantesque d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2253\" data-end=\"2431\">Les estimations actuelles indiquent que les hydrates de m\u00e9thane contiennent davantage de carbone que toutes les r\u00e9serves connues de p\u00e9trole, de gaz naturel et de charbon r\u00e9unies.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2433\" data-end=\"2595\">M\u00eame si les chiffres restent tr\u00e8s incertains selon les m\u00e9thodes d&rsquo;estimation, il s&rsquo;agit probablement de l&rsquo;une des plus vastes r\u00e9serves \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques de la plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2597\" data-end=\"2653\">Quelques pays concentrent aujourd&rsquo;hui leurs recherches :<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2655\" data-end=\"2723\">\n<li data-section-id=\"606d4w\" data-start=\"2655\" data-end=\"2667\">le Japon ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1nmycgn\" data-start=\"2668\" data-end=\"2680\">la Chine ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1v4s3b2\" data-start=\"2681\" data-end=\"2691\">l&rsquo;Inde ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cd101q\" data-start=\"2692\" data-end=\"2710\">les \u00c9tats-Unis ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1uxciqv\" data-start=\"2711\" data-end=\"2723\">le Canada.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"lbf1yq\" data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2766\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"29349\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/demain-une-nouvelle-energie\/hydrates-de-methane-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?fit=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1536,1024\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Hydrates de m\u00e9thane\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?fit=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29349 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?resize=1536%2C1024&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?w=1536&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?resize=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?resize=80%2C53&amp;ssl=1 80w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?resize=1226%2C817&amp;ssl=1 1226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?resize=928%2C619&amp;ssl=1 928w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?resize=480%2C320&amp;ssl=1 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/h2>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"lbf1yq\" data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2766\">Pourquoi le Japon s&rsquo;y int\u00e9resse autant<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2906\">Le Japon poss\u00e8de tr\u00e8s peu de ressources \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques sur son territoire et d\u00e9pend largement des importations de p\u00e9trole et de gaz naturel.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2908\" data-end=\"3054\">Les premi\u00e8res campagnes sismiques men\u00e9es dans la fosse de Nankai, au large de l&rsquo;archipel, ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 d&rsquo;importants gisements d&rsquo;hydrates de m\u00e9thane.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3056\" data-end=\"3157\">\u00c0 partir des ann\u00e9es 2000, le gouvernement japonais a lanc\u00e9 un vaste programme de recherche visant \u00e0 :<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3159\" data-end=\"3353\">\n<li data-section-id=\"baj3mo\" data-start=\"3159\" data-end=\"3202\">cartographier pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les gisements ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"purx93\" data-start=\"3203\" data-end=\"3268\">d\u00e9velopper des techniques d&rsquo;extraction \u00e9conomiquement viables ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1vwb4pt\" data-start=\"3269\" data-end=\"3309\">mesurer les impacts environnementaux ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1c1ma02\" data-start=\"3310\" data-end=\"3353\">r\u00e9aliser des essais de production en mer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3355\" data-end=\"3586\">En 2013, le Japon est devenu le premier pays \u00e0 r\u00e9ussir une production exp\u00e9rimentale de gaz \u00e0 partir d&rsquo;hydrates de m\u00e9thane en milieu marin. D&rsquo;autres essais ont suivi, mais la production commerciale reste encore complexe et co\u00fbteuse.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"4pxxbp\" data-start=\"3588\" data-end=\"3623\">Comment extraire cette \u00e9nergie ?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3625\" data-end=\"3714\">Contrairement au p\u00e9trole, les hydrates de m\u00e9thane ne peuvent pas \u00eatre pomp\u00e9s directement.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3716\" data-end=\"3765\">Plusieurs techniques sont actuellement \u00e9tudi\u00e9es :<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3767\" data-end=\"4008\">\n<li data-section-id=\"p53ltp\" data-start=\"3767\" data-end=\"3825\">diminuer la pression afin de d\u00e9stabiliser les cristaux ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wlaoj\" data-start=\"3826\" data-end=\"3852\">injecter de la chaleur ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1u15p3t\" data-start=\"3853\" data-end=\"4008\">remplacer le m\u00e9thane par du dioxyde de carbone dans la structure cristalline, une m\u00e9thode encore exp\u00e9rimentale qui pourrait simultan\u00e9ment stocker du CO\u2082.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4010\" data-end=\"4092\">Ces proc\u00e9d\u00e9s restent technologiquement difficiles, notamment en grande profondeur.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1e42llb\" data-start=\"4094\" data-end=\"4148\">Une \u00e9nergie plus propre\u2026 mais pas sans cons\u00e9quences<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4150\" data-end=\"4287\">Lorsqu&rsquo;il est br\u00fbl\u00e9, le m\u00e9thane produit moins de dioxyde de carbone que le charbon ou le p\u00e9trole pour une quantit\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie \u00e9quivalente.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4289\" data-end=\"4364\">Il \u00e9met \u00e9galement tr\u00e8s peu d&rsquo;oxydes de soufre et moins de particules fines.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4366\" data-end=\"4432\">Cependant, cela ne signifie pas qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une \u00e9nergie propre.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4434\" data-end=\"4483\">Le principal danger provient du m\u00e9thane lui-m\u00eame.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4485\" data-end=\"4737\">Avant sa combustion, ce gaz poss\u00e8de un pouvoir de r\u00e9chauffement environ 80 fois sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui du CO\u2082 sur une p\u00e9riode de vingt ans. Une fuite importante lors de l&rsquo;extraction pourrait donc annuler une grande partie des b\u00e9n\u00e9fices climatiques attendus.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4739\" data-end=\"4885\">\u00c0 cela s&rsquo;ajoute le risque de fragiliser les s\u00e9diments marins, pouvant provoquer des glissements sous-marins et perturber les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes profonds.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"gy12md\" data-start=\"4887\" data-end=\"4932\">Une ressource encore largement inexploit\u00e9e<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4934\" data-end=\"5047\">Malgr\u00e9 plusieurs d\u00e9cennies de recherches, l&rsquo;exploitation industrielle des hydrates de m\u00e9thane reste tr\u00e8s limit\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5049\" data-end=\"5085\">Les principaux obstacles demeurent :<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5087\" data-end=\"5268\">\n<li data-section-id=\"11asvwf\" data-start=\"5087\" data-end=\"5116\">le co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9 des forages ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1u0x4xn\" data-start=\"5117\" data-end=\"5147\">la difficult\u00e9 d&rsquo;extraction ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1oy3cpt\" data-start=\"5148\" data-end=\"5180\">les risques environnementaux ;<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"uezsuw\" data-start=\"5181\" data-end=\"5268\">les incertitudes \u00e9conomiques face au d\u00e9veloppement rapide des \u00e9nergies renouvelables.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"5270\" data-end=\"5505\">Pour cette raison, de nombreux sp\u00e9cialistes estiment que cette ressource ne remplacera probablement pas le p\u00e9trole \u00e0 court terme, mais pourrait devenir une \u00e9nergie de transition pour certains pays fortement d\u00e9pendants des importations.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1veptk4\" data-start=\"5507\" data-end=\"5558\">Une alternative\u2026 mais pas la solution climatique<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"5560\" data-end=\"5740\">Face \u00e0 la demande mondiale en \u00e9nergie et \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9puisement progressif des ressources p\u00e9troli\u00e8res conventionnelles, les hydrates de m\u00e9thane repr\u00e9sentent une piste s\u00e9rieusement \u00e9tudi\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5742\" data-end=\"5856\">Ils pourraient contribuer \u00e0 diversifier les approvisionnements \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques de plusieurs \u00c9tats, notamment en Asie.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5858\" data-end=\"6108\">Mais cette ressource reste un combustible fossile. Son exploitation ne permettra pas, \u00e0 elle seule, de r\u00e9soudre le d\u00e9fi du changement climatique. Au contraire, une mauvaise ma\u00eetrise des \u00e9missions de m\u00e9thane pourrait acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer le r\u00e9chauffement global.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6110\" data-end=\"6255\">L&rsquo;avenir des hydrates de m\u00e9thane d\u00e9pendra donc d&rsquo;un \u00e9quilibre d\u00e9licat entre s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, rentabilit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique et protection du climat.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6110\" data-end=\"6255\">Adaptation Terra Projects<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6110\" data-end=\"6255\">Mis \u00e0 jour en juillet 2026<\/p>\n<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\">\n<div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:0fe6b638-cc49-4005-a53a-a216ee977bbe-7\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\">\n<section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:0fe6b638-cc49-4005-a53a-a216ee977bbe-7\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:0fe6b638-cc49-4005-a53a-a216ee977bbe-7\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-16\" data-turn=\"assistant\">\n<div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\">\n<div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\">\n<div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\">\n<div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"3fab7754-1107-4746-9ffa-726215f45c0f\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\">\n<div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\">\n<div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\">\n<h3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"1aqf008\" data-start=\"6262\" data-end=\"6273\"><em>Sources<\/em><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6275\" data-end=\"6625\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\n<li data-section-id=\"9te1lv\" data-start=\"6275\" data-end=\"6356\"><em>Programme international de recherche sur les hydrates de m\u00e9thane (MH21 &#8211; Japon)<\/em><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1kqd3ns\" data-start=\"6357\" data-end=\"6397\"><em>United States Geological Survey (USGS)<\/em><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1pmv6z\" data-start=\"6398\" data-end=\"6433\"><em>International Energy Agency (IEA)<\/em><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"41s1v\" data-start=\"6434\" data-end=\"6480\"><em>National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL)<\/em><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"10udzl0\" data-start=\"6481\" data-end=\"6625\" data-is-last-node=\"\"><em>Article historique de Web Japan (Nipponia), utilis\u00e9 comme point de d\u00e9part et actualis\u00e9 avec les connaissances scientifiques les plus r\u00e9centes.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"z-0 flex min-h-[46px] justify-start\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div class=\"mt-3 w-full empty:hidden\">\n<div class=\"text-center\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pointer-events-none -mt-px h-px translate-y-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom)-14*var(--spacing))]\" aria-hidden=\"true\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"2938\">(248)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alors que les r\u00e9serves de p\u00e9trole conventionnel deviennent plus difficiles \u00e0 exploiter et que la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique s&rsquo;acc\u00e9l\u00e8re, une ressource&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29349,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[26],"tags":[2137,1174,2595,2578,2579,241,2596,595],"class_list":["post-2938","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-solutions","tag-combustible","tag-energetique","tag-energie-solution","tag-hydrates-de-methane","tag-methane","tag-ocean","tag-polluant","tag-scientifique","wpcat-26-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/06\/Hydrates-de-methane.png?fit=1536%2C1024&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-Lo","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":3259,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-clathrates-energie-du-futur-ou-bombe-a-retardement-climatique\/","url_meta":{"origin":2938,"position":0},"title":"Les clathrates, \u00e9nergie du futur ou bombe \u00e0 retardement climatique ?","author":"Admin","date":"15 janvier 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Les clathrates, \u00e9galement appel\u00e9es hydrates de gaz ou de m\u00e9thane renferment d\u2019importantes quantit\u00e9 de m\u00e9thane, une source d\u2019\u00e9nergie qui pourrait \u00eatre exploit\u00e9e mais qui pr\u00e9sente \u00e9galement une s\u00e9rieuse menace pour l\u2019avenir climatique de notre plan\u00e8te. D\u00e9couverte et structure D\u00e9couverts dans les ann\u00e9es 70 lors de forages p\u00e9troliers, les r\u00e9serves de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Pollution&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Pollution","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/pollution\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/methane-hydrate.jpeg?fit=300%2C244&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2911,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-hydrates-de-methane\/","url_meta":{"origin":2938,"position":1},"title":"Les hydrates de m\u00e9thane : la bombe climatique cach\u00e9e sous les oc\u00e9ans et le perg\u00e9lisol","author":"Admin","date":"18 mai 2005","format":false,"excerpt":"Pendant longtemps, les scientifiques ont concentr\u00e9 leur attention sur les \u00e9missions de dioxyde de carbone (CO\u2082). Pourtant, un autre acteur du climat pourrait jouer un r\u00f4le majeur dans les d\u00e9cennies ou les si\u00e8cles \u00e0 venir : les hydrates de m\u00e9thane, parfois surnomm\u00e9s la \u00ab glace qui br\u00fble \u00bb. Enferm\u00e9s sous\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/05\/hydrate-de-methane.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/05\/hydrate-de-methane.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/05\/hydrate-de-methane.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/05\/hydrate-de-methane.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/05\/hydrate-de-methane.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3626,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-terre-bouillone\/","url_meta":{"origin":2938,"position":2},"title":"La Terre Bouillone","author":"Admin","date":"8 septembre 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Bien des \u00e9l\u00e9ments nous d\u00e9montre que si un refroidissement n'intervenait pas \u00e0 cause du r\u00e9chauffement, la situation pourrait \u00eatre pire. Nous vivons un changement climatique majeur, qu'on se le dise. De l'ozone stratosph\u00e9rique, couche protectrice de rayons mortels solaires ; des hydrates de m\u00e9thane, subtance aglutin\u00e9e sur le fond oc\u00e9anique\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/incendie.gif?fit=360%2C240&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4917,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/titan-de-gigantesques-reserves-dhydrocarbure\/","url_meta":{"origin":2938,"position":3},"title":"Titan: de gigantesques r\u00e9serves d&rsquo;hydrocarbure","author":"Admin","date":"12 juin 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"La lune (On appelle lune tout satellite naturel d'une plan\u00e8te, mais la Lune, avec un L majuscule, d\u00e9signe le seul satellite...) orange de Saturne, Titan (Cliquez sur l'image pour une description), a des centaines de fois plus d'hydrocarbures liquides que l'ensemble (En th\u00e9orie des ensembles, un ensemble, d\u00e9signe intuitivement une\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Espace&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Espace","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/espace\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/titan.jpg?fit=389%2C292&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":401,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-energies-renouvelables\/","url_meta":{"origin":2938,"position":4},"title":"Les \u00e9nergies renouvelables","author":"Admin","date":"1 juillet 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Les \u00e9nergies renouvelables (soleil, vent, eau, biomasse) sont pr\u00e9sentes partout. Elles sont in\u00e9puisables gr\u00e2ce aux cycles naturels. Mais elles sont aussi diffuses et pour la plupart irr\u00e9guli\u00e8res. Elles nous demandent donc de l'\u00e9conomie dans nos consommations : une qualit\u00e9 oubli\u00e9e. A moyen terme (5 \u00e0 10 ans), le d\u00e9veloppement de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Solutions&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Solutions","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/solutions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"energie renouvelable","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/07\/energie-renouvelable.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":3361,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-energies-renouvelables-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":2938,"position":5},"title":"Les \u00e9nergies renouvelables","author":"Admin","date":"15 mars 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Les \u00e9nergies renouvelables (soleil, vent, eau, biomasse) sont pr\u00e9sentes partout. Elles sont in\u00e9puisables gr\u00e2ce aux cycles naturels. Mais elles sont aussi diffuses et pour la plupart irr\u00e9guli\u00e8res. Elles nous demandent donc de l'\u00e9conomie dans nos consommations : une qualit\u00e9 oubli\u00e9e. A moyen terme (5 \u00e0 10 ans), le d\u00e9veloppement de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Solutions&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Solutions","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/solutions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/spaw\/images\/img32.gif?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2938","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2938"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2938\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29350,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2938\/revisions\/29350"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29349"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2938"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2938"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2938"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}