{"id":2932,"date":"2005-06-06T15:08:41","date_gmt":"2005-06-06T13:08:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil1\/?p=2932"},"modified":"2015-04-07T15:11:45","modified_gmt":"2015-04-07T13:11:45","slug":"deforestation-en-indonesie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/deforestation-en-indonesie\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9forestation en Indon\u00e9sie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Quand la d\u00e9forestation est vue par satellite en m\u00eame temps cela donne une id\u00e9e de l&rsquo;ampleur du ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne sur le climat. Image agrandie ci apr\u00e8s.<\/p>\n<p>En Indon\u00e9sie, la d\u00e9forestation tropicale est beaucoup plus rapide que partout ailleurs dans le monde. Plus de 2 millions d\u2019hectares sont d\u00e9truits chaque ann\u00e9e. Des r\u00e9centes \u00e9tudes montrent que, la plupart de la for\u00eat existant officiellement a d\u00e9j\u00e0 disparu, de m\u00eame qu\u2019un doute subsiste au sujet de la surface r\u00e9elle restante. La destruction de la for\u00eat indon\u00e9sienne est \u00e0 l\u2019origine de nombreuses catastrophes naturelles telles que les glissements de terrains, les inondations ou la s\u00e9cheresse, qui ont engendr\u00e9s d\u2019\u00e9normes frais.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Indon\u00e9sie est le plus gros importateur mondial de bois tropical, mais plus de la moiti\u00e9 de la production foresti\u00e8re est ill\u00e9gale. De vastes r\u00e9gions de for\u00eat tropicale naturelle ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truites et n\u2019ont quasiment \u00e9t\u00e9 remplac\u00e9es que par des plantations productrices de fibre de bois utilis\u00e9e pour la fabrication de papier ou d\u2019huile de palmier. Dans certaines r\u00e9gions, l\u2019exploitation mini\u00e8re repr\u00e9sente \u00e9galement une s\u00e9rieuse menace pour l\u2019environnement et les populations autochtones.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Les feux existent naturellement sur la plan\u00e8te: la s\u00e9cheresse et les \u00e9clairs ont depuis toujours engendr\u00e9 des feux, qui permettent \u00e0 la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation de se renouveller. Mais, de nos jours, les feux sont essentiellement d&rsquo;origine humaine, en particulier dans les zones tropicales.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les feux d&rsquo;origine humaine peuvent \u00eatre d&rsquo;origine accidentelle ou bien des incendies criminels. Mais bien souvent, les feux sont d\u00e9clench\u00e9s volontairement, pour obtenir des terres agricoles. En particulier, dans les tropiques, de grandes parties de la for\u00eat humide sont incendi\u00e9es pour utiliser cet espace pour l&rsquo;agriculture.<\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>Des incendies \u00e9normes ont d\u00e9truit de vastes zones de la for\u00eat pluviale indon\u00e9sienne en 1997:<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;image (ci dessous) montre la pollution d\u00e9tect\u00e9e par le satellite TOMS au dessus de l&rsquo;Indonesie et de l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an\u00a0Indien. En blanc on voit la fum\u00e9e \u00e9mise directement par la combustion, qui reste\u00a0\u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des feux. En vert, jaune et rouge on voit les quantit\u00e9s croissante de l&rsquo;ozone troposph\u00e9rique (smog) transport\u00e9 vers l&rsquo;ouest par les vents de haute altitude. L&rsquo;ozone n&rsquo;est\u00a0pas directement form\u00e9\u00a0dans les feux.\u00a0Il est produit dans l&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re par r\u00e9action des compos\u00e9s organiques avec les oxydes d&rsquo;azote\u00a0NO et NO<sub>2<\/sub> qui sont, eux, form\u00e9s dans les flammes br\u00fblantes.<br \/>\nAinsi, les feux ne changent pas uniquement l&rsquo;allure des paysages, ils modifient aussi la composition chimique de l&rsquo;air.<\/p>\n<p>Cette image prouve l&rsquo;influence humaine sur le climat, qui devient de plus en plus instable avec le temps. Les onze ann\u00e9es les plus chaudes depuis plusieurs centaines d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 entre 1993 et 2004. Que nous r\u00e9serve l&rsquo;avenir ?<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/spaw\/images\/672.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>sources : <a href=\"http:\/\/perso.wanadoo.fr\/jardin.secret\/EcritsScientifiques\/DeforestationPlanete\/DeforestationPlanete.htm\">http:\/\/perso.wanadoo.fr\/jardin.secret\/EcritsScientifiques\/DeforestationPlanete\/DeforestationPlanete.htm<\/a>\u00a0\/<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rainforestfoundationuk.org\/fcpage.php?fcpage=Indonesia&amp;language=FR\">http:\/\/www.rainforestfoundationuk.org\/fcpage.php?fcpage=Indonesia&amp;language=FR<\/a>\u00a0\/ <a href=\"http:\/\/www.atmosphere.mpg.de\/enid\/2hi.html\">http:\/\/www.atmosphere.mpg.de\/enid\/2hi.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"2932\">(260)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Quand la d\u00e9forestation est vue par satellite en m\u00eame temps cela donne une id\u00e9e de l&rsquo;ampleur du ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne sur le&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2933,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[20,27],"tags":[252,2590,2592,42,2589,314,91,1382,2591,297,43,2588],"class_list":["post-2932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climat","category-ecologie","tag-atmosphere","tag-brulees","tag-deforestation","tag-ecologie","tag-flammes","tag-foret","tag-humaine","tag-indonesie","tag-influence","tag-ozone","tag-pollution","tag-toms","wpcat-20-id","wpcat-27-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/pollution-indonesie.jpg?fit=200%2C150&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-Li","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":22869,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/le-monde-connait-un-grave-probleme-de-deforestation-explications\/","url_meta":{"origin":2932,"position":0},"title":"Le monde conna\u00eet un grave probl\u00e8me de d\u00e9forestation. Explications","author":"Admin","date":"4 ao\u00fbt 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"En janvier 2021, le Fonds mondial pour la nature (WWF) a publi\u00e9 un rapport sur l'\u00e9tat du probl\u00e8me de la d\u00e9forestation dans le monde et sur 24 \"fronts de d\u00e9forestation\", c'est-\u00e0-dire des endroits o\u00f9 de vastes zones de for\u00eat sont menac\u00e9es. L'\u00e9tude conclut que 43 millions d'hectares de for\u00eats dans\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/deforestation.jpg?fit=1181%2C624&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/deforestation.jpg?fit=1181%2C624&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/deforestation.jpg?fit=1181%2C624&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/deforestation.jpg?fit=1181%2C624&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/deforestation.jpg?fit=1181%2C624&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":24558,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/record-de-destruction-de-la-foret-amazonienne\/","url_meta":{"origin":2932,"position":1},"title":"Record de destruction de la for\u00eat amazonienne","author":"Admin","date":"24 novembre 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Br\u00e9sil : 9494 kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truits en dix mois en Amazonie, un record ! L\u2019ann\u00e9e 2022 n\u2019est pas encore termin\u00e9e qu\u2019elle est d\u00e9j\u00e0 celle d\u2019un triste record au Br\u00e9sil. La d\u00e9forestation a atteint un chiffre faramineux avec 904 kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s de for\u00eats ras\u00e9es en octobre. \u00ab\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/deforestation-bresil-cerrado.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/deforestation-bresil-cerrado.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/deforestation-bresil-cerrado.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/deforestation-bresil-cerrado.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":23588,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-zones-protegees-ne-suffisent-pas-a-sauver-les-forets-dasie-du-sud-est\/","url_meta":{"origin":2932,"position":2},"title":"Les zones prot\u00e9g\u00e9es ne suffisent pas \u00e0 sauver les for\u00eats d&rsquo;Asie du Sud-Est","author":"Admin","date":"29 d\u00e9cembre 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Selon une nouvelle \u00e9tude portant sur huit pays, le couvert forestier dispara\u00eet dans les zones foresti\u00e8res prot\u00e9g\u00e9es d'Asie du Sud-Est \u00e0 un rythme presque identique \u00e0 celui des zones non prot\u00e9g\u00e9es dans de nombreux pays, alors que la population explose. Selon l'Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature (UICN),\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/aire-protegee-malaisie-deforestation.jpg?fit=768%2C511&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/aire-protegee-malaisie-deforestation.jpg?fit=768%2C511&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/aire-protegee-malaisie-deforestation.jpg?fit=768%2C511&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/aire-protegee-malaisie-deforestation.jpg?fit=768%2C511&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":11311,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-monde-sauto-detruisant-ou-la-folie-des-humains\/","url_meta":{"origin":2932,"position":3},"title":"Un monde s&rsquo;auto d\u00e9truisant, ou la folie des humains","author":"Admin","date":"14 mars 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Les \u00eatres humains ont \u00e9volu\u00e9 au fil du temps pour devenir la seule esp\u00e8ce qui ne s\u2019adapte pas \u00e0 son environnement, mais qui adapte le monde \u00e0 elle. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la commercialisation massive, l\u2019industrialisation et la construction, les humains ont chang\u00e9 la nature pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 leurs besoins. On pense\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Monde Futur&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Monde Futur","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/monde-futur\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/dechets.jpg?fit=560%2C373&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/dechets.jpg?fit=560%2C373&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/dechets.jpg?fit=560%2C373&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3373,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-forets-disparaissent\/","url_meta":{"origin":2932,"position":4},"title":"Les for\u00eats disparaissent","author":"Admin","date":"24 mars 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Dans le monde, chaque ann\u00e9e, 16 millions d'hectares de for\u00eats naturelles disparaissent. Les for\u00eats s'\u00e9tendent actuellement sur pr\u00e8s de 4 milliards d'hectares, soit 30 % de la superficie \u00e9merg\u00e9e de la plan\u00e8te, ce qui \u00e9quivaut \u00e0 une moyenne de 0,64 hectare par habitant. Le solde entre les destructions et le\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2563,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/lamazonie-destruction-et-disparition\/","url_meta":{"origin":2932,"position":5},"title":"L&rsquo;Amazonie : destruction et disparition","author":"Admin","date":"9 d\u00e9cembre 2004","format":false,"excerpt":"Chaque jour \u00e0 chaque moment, notre \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me d\u00e9p\u00e9rit, plus de 29 hectares de for\u00eat tropicale, br\u00fbl\u00e9s et ce en grande partie \u00e0 cause de l'exploitation agricole abusive... Les v\u00e9g\u00e9taux et animaux qui la peuplent menacent de dispara\u00eetre \u00e0 jamais. Que faire? \u00a0 Comment d\u00e9truisons-nous les for\u00eats tropicales ? Jusqu'au milieu\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ecologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ecologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/amazonie.jpeg?fit=406%2C267&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2932"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2932\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2934,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2932\/revisions\/2934"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2933"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2932"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2932"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}