{"id":26408,"date":"2024-11-21T12:00:35","date_gmt":"2024-11-21T11:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=26408"},"modified":"2024-11-18T13:34:59","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T12:34:59","slug":"il-y-a-5-5-millions-dannees-quand-la-mediterranee-sassecha","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/il-y-a-5-5-millions-dannees-quand-la-mediterranee-sassecha\/","title":{"rendered":"Il y a 5.5 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, quand la m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e s&rsquo;ass\u00e9cha !"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>La M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e a perdu 70% de son eau il y a 5,5 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, un ass\u00e8chement spectaculaire d\u00fb \u00e0 une p\u00e9riode de fermeture du d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar, selon une \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e ce lundi 18 novembre 2024.<\/p>\n<p>Si ce passage \u00e9tait aujourd&rsquo;hui bloqu\u00e9, cela entra\u00eenerait une baisse du niveau de la mer \u00ab\u00a0d&rsquo;environ 0,5 m\u00e8tre par an\u00a0\u00bb, rappellent les auteurs de l&rsquo;\u00e9tude publi\u00e9e dans Nature Communications. C&rsquo;est ce qui s&rsquo;est produit, entre 5,97 et 5,33 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es avant notre \u00e8re, \u00e0 la fin du Mioc\u00e8ne.<\/p>\n<p>Le blocage du d\u00e9troit, d\u00fb notamment aux mouvements des plaques tectoniques, a limit\u00e9 les \u00e9changes d&rsquo;eau entre la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e et l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an Atlantique, ce qui a entra\u00een\u00e9 une concentration de sels dans la mer.<\/p>\n<p>Cet \u00e9pisode, baptis\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0crise de salinit\u00e9 messinienne\u00a0\u00bb, en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la ville italienne de Messine, a laiss\u00e9 des traces visibles : le fond de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e est \u00ab\u00a0recouvert d&rsquo;une couche de sels qui fait jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 2-3 km d&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur\u00a0\u00bb et totalise un million de kilom\u00e8tres cubes, explique \u00e0 l&rsquo;AFP Giovanni Aloisi, chercheur CNRS et g\u00e9ochimiste \u00e0 l&rsquo;Institut de physique du globe.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HooZ84rpovQ?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>Le d\u00e9troit s&rsquo;est \u00ab\u00a0compl\u00e8tement ferm\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l&rsquo;analyse des isotopes du chlore contenus dans les sels extraits des fonds de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, celle-ci montre que cet \u00e9pisode s&rsquo;est en fait d\u00e9roul\u00e9 en deux \u00e9tapes.<\/p>\n<p>Durant une premi\u00e8re phase, d&rsquo;environ 35 000 ans, la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e \u00e9tait \u00ab\u00a0pleine d&rsquo;eau, comme maintenant\u00a0\u00bb, mais le r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement du d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar \u00ab\u00a0a rendu la sortie d&rsquo;eau sal\u00e9e vers l&rsquo;Atlantique un peu plus difficile\u00a0\u00bb, provoquant une accumulation de sels dans sa partie orientale et rendant la mer saum\u00e2tre, d\u00e9taille le chercheur.<\/p>\n<p>La seconde phase a \u00e9t\u00e9 bien plus courte &#8211; environ 10 000 ans. Le d\u00e9troit s&rsquo;est \u00ab\u00a0compl\u00e8tement ferm\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb, la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e s&rsquo;est \u00ab\u00a0s\u00e9par\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb de l&rsquo;Atlantique et les \u00e9changes d&rsquo;eaux avec l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an se sont interrompus, poursuit-il. Les sels se sont alors accumul\u00e9s partout et la mer s&rsquo;est ass\u00e9ch\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Le niveau de l&rsquo;eau a chut\u00e9 de 1,7 \u00e0 2,1 km dans sa partie orientale et d&rsquo;environ 850 m dans sa partie occidentale. Au total, le bassin m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en a perdu 70% de son volume d&rsquo;eau. Jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 ce que le d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar se rouvre et que la mer se remplisse \u00e0 nouveau.<\/p>\n<p>Cet ass\u00e8chement a eu des cons\u00e9quences spectaculaires sur le paysage et la biodiversit\u00e9 de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, o\u00f9 frayaient alors poissons et c\u00e9tac\u00e9s<\/p>\n<p>extrait et Source : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.laprovence.com\/article\/france-monde\/5510819003873614\/la-mediterranee-a-perdu-70-de-son-eau-il-y-a-5-5-millions-dannees\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.laprovence.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"26408\">(225)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e a perdu 70% de son eau il y a 5,5 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, un ass\u00e8chement spectaculaire d\u00fb \u00e0 une&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26410,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[33,31],"tags":[8175,1615,1106],"class_list":["post-26408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archeologie","category-divers","tag-crise-de-salinite-messinienne","tag-mediterranee","tag-mer","wpcat-33-id","wpcat-31-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-6RW","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":22875,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-crise-de-salinite-messinienne-quand-la-mediterranee-fut-a-sec\/","url_meta":{"origin":26408,"position":0},"title":"La crise de salinit\u00e9 Messinienne, quand la m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e fut \u00e0 sec","author":"Admin","date":"5 ao\u00fbt 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"La crise de salinit\u00e9 messinienne est un \u00e9v\u00e9nement g\u00e9ologique au cours duquel la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e s'est presque enti\u00e8rement ass\u00e9ch\u00e9e, devenant un immense lac sal\u00e9. Quand est ce que la crise de salinit\u00e9 est survenue ? La crise de salinit\u00e9 s'est produite \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque messinienne, il y a environ 6 millions d'ann\u00e9es\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mer-mediterranee-a-sec-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mer-mediterranee-a-sec-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mer-mediterranee-a-sec-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mer-mediterranee-a-sec-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":15218,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/il-y-a-53-millions-dannees-la-mediterranee-connu-son-pire-cataclysme-le-plus-benefique\/","url_meta":{"origin":26408,"position":1},"title":"Il y a 5,3 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, la m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e connu son pire cataclysme le plus b\u00e9n\u00e9fique","author":"Admin","date":"23 mai 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"C'est un cataclysme qui a rempli le bassin m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en il y a 5,3 millions d'ann\u00e9es. Avec un d\u00e9bit estim\u00e9 \u00e0 100 millions de m\u00e8tres cube par heure, il fut si important et rapide que le niveau de l'eau augmentait jusqu'\u00e0 10 m\u00e8tres par jour pour finalement remplir la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, alors\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/crise-salinite-messinienne.jpg?fit=850%2C637&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/crise-salinite-messinienne.jpg?fit=850%2C637&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/crise-salinite-messinienne.jpg?fit=850%2C637&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/crise-salinite-messinienne.jpg?fit=850%2C637&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":25638,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-immense-canyon-decouvert-en-mediterranee\/","url_meta":{"origin":26408,"position":2},"title":"Un immense canyon d\u00e9couvert en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e","author":"Admin","date":"25 f\u00e9vrier 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Un canyon sous-marin long de 10 kilom\u00e8tres et profond de 500 m\u00e8tres a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvert en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e. Une nouvelle \u00e9tude r\u00e9v\u00e8le qu\u2019il se serait form\u00e9 sous l\u2019eau, il y a 6 millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es, alors que la mer commen\u00e7ait \u00e0 s\u2019ass\u00e9cher. Les fonds marins sont marqu\u00e9s de nombreux reliefs : monts,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Divers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Divers","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/divers\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/canyon-sous-marin.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/canyon-sous-marin.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/canyon-sous-marin.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/canyon-sous-marin.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":21395,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-crise-de-salinite-messinienne\/","url_meta":{"origin":26408,"position":3},"title":"La crise de salinit\u00e9 messinienne","author":"Admin","date":"24 septembre 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"La\u00a0crise de salinit\u00e9 messinienne\u00a0est un \u00e9v\u00e9nement g\u00e9ologique au cours duquel la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e s'est presque compl\u00e8tement ass\u00e9ch\u00e9e, devenant un immense lac sal\u00e9. Le C\u00e9nozo\u00efque, avec ses p\u00e9riodes, ses \u00e9poques et ses \u00e2ges Quand la crise de salinit\u00e9 s'est produite La crise de salinit\u00e9 s'est produite dans le\u00a0Messinien, il y a environ\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mediterranee-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mediterranee-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mediterranee-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mediterranee-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":26837,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/il-y-a-5-millions-dannees-la-mediterranee-connaissait-le-plus-grand-deluge-de-son-histoire\/","url_meta":{"origin":26408,"position":4},"title":"Il y a 5 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e connaissait le plus grand d\u00e9luge de son Histoire","author":"Admin","date":"20 avril 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Il y a un peu plus de 5 millions d'ann\u00e9es, l'eau de l'oc\u00e9an Atlantique a trouv\u00e9 un passage \u00e0 travers l'actuel d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar. Selon cette th\u00e9orie, l'oc\u00e9an a d\u00e9val\u00e9 plus vite qu'un bolide sur une pente d'un kilom\u00e8tre en direction de la mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e vide \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque, creusant\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ev\u00e8nement Brutal&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ev\u00e8nement Brutal","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/evenement-brutal\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":27333,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-mer-rouge-a-connu-lun-des-evenements-environnementaux-les-plus-extremes-sur-terre-il-y-a-6-millions-dannees\/","url_meta":{"origin":26408,"position":5},"title":"La mer Rouge a connu \u00ab l\u2019un des \u00e9v\u00e9nements environnementaux les plus extr\u00eames sur Terre \u00bb il y a 6 millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es","author":"Admin","date":"13 octobre 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"La mer Rouge est devenue un d\u00e9sert il y a environ 6,2 millions d'ann\u00e9es, avant qu'une inondation massive venue de l'oc\u00e9an Indien ne la transforme \u00e0 nouveau en voie navigable. Le Livre de l'Exode relate une s\u00e9paration miraculeuse de la mer Rouge qui permit \u00e0 Mo\u00efse et aux Isra\u00e9lites de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/mer-rouge.webp?fit=650%2C366&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/mer-rouge.webp?fit=650%2C366&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/mer-rouge.webp?fit=650%2C366&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26408","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26408"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26408\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26411,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26408\/revisions\/26411"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26410"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26408"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26408"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26408"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}