{"id":26259,"date":"2024-09-30T12:00:58","date_gmt":"2024-09-30T10:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=26259"},"modified":"2024-09-24T08:57:08","modified_gmt":"2024-09-24T06:57:08","slug":"levenement-de-carrington-la-tempete-solaire-de-1859-a-ete-sous-estimee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/levenement-de-carrington-la-tempete-solaire-de-1859-a-ete-sous-estimee\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019\u00e9v\u00e8nement de Carrington, la temp\u00eate solaire de 1859 a \u00e9t\u00e9 sous estim\u00e9e"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>L\u2019analyse d\u2019enregistrements magn\u00e9tiques a montr\u00e9 que l\u2019ampleur de l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e8nement de Carrington, plus grande temp\u00eate solaire jamais enregistr\u00e9e, avait \u00e9t\u00e9 historiquement sous-estim\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9v\u00e8nement de Carrington<br \/>\nEn 1859, la Terre a \u00e9t\u00e9 frapp\u00e9e par la plus violente temp\u00eate solaire de l\u2019histoire moderne. Caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par des aurores visibles presque jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quateur, ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne extr\u00eame avait \u00e9galement court-circuit\u00e9 les syst\u00e8mes de communication et m\u00eame d\u00e9clench\u00e9 des incendies dans certaines stations t\u00e9l\u00e9graphiques. Selon les chercheurs, si une telle temp\u00eate se produisait aujourd\u2019hui, elle pourrait mettre hors service les satellites GPS ainsi qu\u2019une bonne partie du r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique mondial.<\/p>\n<p>La plupart de nos connaissances concernant cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement proviennent de rapports d\u2019\u00e9poque, incluant celui de l\u2019astronome britannique Richard Carrington. Cependant, aucun d\u2019entre eux ne fournit de chiffres d\u00e9taill\u00e9s concernant son intensit\u00e9 magn\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n<p>Afin d\u2019obtenir un meilleur aper\u00e7u de celle-ci, Ciaran Beggan, du British Geological Survey, et ses coll\u00e8gues ont num\u00e9ris\u00e9 des enregistrements papier du champ magn\u00e9tique terrestre provenant des observatoires londoniens de Kew et Greenwich, r\u00e9alis\u00e9s tout au long de l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement de Carrington.<\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>D\u00e9taill\u00e9s dans la revue Space Weather, leurs travaux rapprochent la temp\u00eate de certaines des estimations initiales de sa force publi\u00e9es en 1861, jug\u00e9es peu fiables et rapidement r\u00e9vis\u00e9es. \u00ab Si l\u2019on consid\u00e8re le taux de variation [de l\u2019intensit\u00e9 du champ magn\u00e9tique] calcul\u00e9 \u00e0 partir des magn\u00e9togrammes, on constate qu\u2019il est d\u2019au moins 500 nanoteslas par minute, ce qui d\u00e9montre que l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e8nement de Carrington \u00e9tait vraiment extr\u00eame \u00bb, souligne Beggan. \u00ab Cela correspond presque au double de l\u2019ampleur attendue d\u2019un \u00e9v\u00e8nement centennal [350 nanoteslas]. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Une temp\u00eate g\u00e9omagn\u00e9tique de moindre ampleur intervenue quelques jours plus t\u00f4t<br \/>\nPour parvenir \u00e0 cette conclusion, les auteurs de l\u2019\u00e9tude ont num\u00e9ris\u00e9 les magn\u00e9togrammes londoniens, et converti les \u00e9carts millim\u00e9triques relev\u00e9s en une \u00e9chelle d\u2019unit\u00e9s standardis\u00e9es. L\u2019\u00e9quipe a \u00e9galement identifi\u00e9 les preuves d\u2019une temp\u00eate g\u00e9omagn\u00e9tique survenue quelques jours avant l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e8nement de Carrington, qui aurait probablement \u00ab aliment\u00e9 \u00bb ce dernier.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne a pu balayer une partie du vent solaire [flux de particules charg\u00e9es crach\u00e9 par le Soleil], d\u00e9gageant le chemin pour l\u2019\u00e9jection de masse coronale finale ayant frapp\u00e9 la Terre de plein fouet \u00bb, estime Beggan.<\/p>\n<p>Globalement, de telles d\u00e9couvertes renforcent l\u2019id\u00e9e que les \u00e9v\u00e9nements d\u2019une telle intensit\u00e9 se produisent tous les mill\u00e9naires plut\u00f4t que si\u00e8cles.<\/p>\n<p>Sources : <a href=\"https:\/\/dailygeekshow.com\/ampleur-tempete-solaire-1859\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/dailygeekshow.com\/<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/2023SW003807\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"26259\">(350)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019analyse d\u2019enregistrements magn\u00e9tiques a montr\u00e9 que l\u2019ampleur de l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e8nement de Carrington, plus grande temp\u00eate solaire jamais enregistr\u00e9e, avait \u00e9t\u00e9 historiquement&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21375,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[24],"tags":[2225,4960,1774],"class_list":["post-26259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-soleil","tag-2225","tag-carrington","tag-tempete-solaire","wpcat-24-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Carrington-Event-monster-solar-storm.jpg?fit=1024%2C724&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-6Px","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":21370,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-avertissement-de-lhistoire-levenement-solaire-de-carrington-en-1859-netait-pas-unique\/","url_meta":{"origin":26259,"position":0},"title":"Un avertissement de l&rsquo;histoire : l&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00e9nement solaire de Carrington en 1859 n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas unique","author":"Admin","date":"20 septembre 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Le 1er septembre 1859, la temp\u00eate solaire la plus puissante de l'histoire moderne \u00e9tait enregistr\u00e9e et a balay\u00e9 notre plan\u00e8te.\u00a0C'\u00e9tait \u00abl'\u00e9v\u00e9nement Carrington\u00bb, du nom du scientifique britannique Richard Carrington, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin de la temp\u00eate solaire qui l'a d\u00e9clench\u00e9.\u00a0La temp\u00eate a secou\u00e9 le champ magn\u00e9tique de la Terre, a\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Soleil&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Soleil","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/soleil\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-cme.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-cme.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-cme.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-cme.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-cme.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":20424,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/vers-la-plus-grande-tempete-solaire-dans-le-futur\/","url_meta":{"origin":26259,"position":1},"title":"Vers la plus grande temp\u00eate solaire dans le futur ?","author":"Admin","date":"13 f\u00e9vrier 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Si le cycle solaire actuel produisait une \u00e9ruption aussi forte que l'\u00e9v\u00e9nement de Carrington en 1859, elle pourrait avoir des cons\u00e9quences s'\u00e9levant \u00e0 des trilliards d'euros et pourrait provoquer des pannes d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 longues de plusieurs ann\u00e9es. Le 14 f\u00e9vrier 2011 a eu lieu la plus grande \u00e9ruption solaire observ\u00e9e en\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Soleil&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Soleil","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/soleil\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/soleil.jpg?fit=1000%2C541&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/soleil.jpg?fit=1000%2C541&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/soleil.jpg?fit=1000%2C541&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/soleil.jpg?fit=1000%2C541&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":27404,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-prochaine-super-tempete-solaire-de-lampleur-de-carrington-pourrait-aneantir-tous-nos-satellites-revelent-de-nouvelles-simulations\/","url_meta":{"origin":26259,"position":2},"title":"La prochaine super-temp\u00eate solaire de l&rsquo;ampleur de Carrington pourrait an\u00e9antir \u00ab tous nos satellites \u00bb, r\u00e9v\u00e8lent de nouvelles simulations","author":"Admin","date":"2 novembre 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"De nouvelles simulations de l'ESA sugg\u00e8rent qu'une temp\u00eate solaire comparable \u00e0 l'\u00e9v\u00e9nement de Carrington de 1859 pourrait avoir des cons\u00e9quences d\u00e9sastreuses pour les satellites en orbite terrestre \u2014 et il s'agit d'une question de \u00ab quand \u00bb, et non de \u00ab si \u00bb cela se produira, selon les experts. De\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Soleil&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Soleil","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/soleil\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Carrington-Event-monster-solar-storm.jpg?fit=1024%2C724&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Carrington-Event-monster-solar-storm.jpg?fit=1024%2C724&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Carrington-Event-monster-solar-storm.jpg?fit=1024%2C724&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Carrington-Event-monster-solar-storm.jpg?fit=1024%2C724&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2186,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/levenement-de-carrington-de-1859\/","url_meta":{"origin":26259,"position":3},"title":"L&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00e9nement de Carrington de 1859","author":"Admin","date":"14 septembre 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"L'\u00e9ruption solaire de 1859 est une s\u00e9rie d'\u00e9ruptions solaires ayant eu lieu \u00e0 la fin de l'\u00e9t\u00e9 1859 et ayant notablement affect\u00e9 la Terre. Elle a notamment produit de tr\u00e8s nombreuses aurores polaires visibles jusque dans certaines r\u00e9gions tropicales et a fortement perturb\u00e9 les t\u00e9l\u00e9communications par t\u00e9l\u00e9graphe \u00e9lectrique. Elle est\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Soleil&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Soleil","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/soleil\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":15932,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/et-si-la-plus-grande-tempete-solaire-jamais-enregistree-arrivait-aujourdhui\/","url_meta":{"origin":26259,"position":4},"title":"Et si la plus grande temp\u00eate solaire jamais enregistr\u00e9e arrivait aujourd&rsquo;hui ?","author":"Admin","date":"29 octobre 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Le 14 f\u00e9vrier 2011 a eu lieu la plus grande \u00e9ruption solaire observ\u00e9e en quatre ans. Elle \u00e9tait si intense qu\u2019elle a interf\u00e9r\u00e9 avec les communications radios et les signaux GPS des avions long-courrier. Pourtant, en comparaison avec d\u2019autres temp\u00eates solaires, celle de la Saint-Valentin \u00e9tait plut\u00f4t modeste. Mais cette\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Soleil&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Soleil","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/soleil\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/.._photos_soleil-cordes-magnetiques3.jpg?fit=450%2C289&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":20538,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-tempetes-solaires-destructrices-frappent-generalement-la-terre-tous-les-25-ans-environ-selon-les-scientifiques\/","url_meta":{"origin":26259,"position":5},"title":"Les temp\u00eates solaires destructrices frappent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement la Terre tous les 25 ans environ, selon les scientifiques","author":"Admin","date":"2 f\u00e9vrier 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Selon une nouvelle \u00e9tude, les temp\u00eates solaires suffisamment puissantes pour faire des ravages sur des \u00e9quipements \u00e9lectroniques frappent la Terre tous les 25 ans. Et des temp\u00eates moins puissantes - mais toujours dangereuses - se produisent tous les trois ans environ. Cette conclusion provient d'une \u00e9quipe de scientifiques de l'Universit\u00e9\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Soleil&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Soleil","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/soleil\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-cme.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-cme.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-cme.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-cme.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/soleil-cme.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26259"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26259\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26260,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26259\/revisions\/26260"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21375"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26259"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26259"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}