{"id":23607,"date":"2022-01-02T22:48:37","date_gmt":"2022-01-02T21:48:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=23607"},"modified":"2022-01-02T22:48:37","modified_gmt":"2022-01-02T21:48:37","slug":"les-futures-epidemies-que-nous-vivrons-dans-notre-monde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-futures-epidemies-que-nous-vivrons-dans-notre-monde\/","title":{"rendered":"Les futures \u00e9pid\u00e9mies que nous vivrons dans notre monde"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9mergence de nouvelles \u00e9pid\u00e9mies est in\u00e9vitable, voici pourquoi. De nombreux indices portent \u00e0 croire que la fr\u00e9quence des \u00e9mergences de nouveaux agents infectieux pourrait augmenter dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir, faisant craindre une crise \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique mondiale imminente. En effet, les activit\u00e9s humaines entra\u00eenent de profondes modifications de l\u2019utilisation des terres ainsi que d\u2019importants bouleversements de la biodiversit\u00e9, en de nombreux endroits de la plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/VJNt1AQ8p2A?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ces perturbations se produisent dans un contexte de connectivit\u00e9 internationale accrue par les d\u00e9placements humains et les \u00e9changes commerciaux, le tout sur fond de changement climatique.<br \/>\nIl s\u2019agit l\u00e0 des conditions optimales pour favoriser le passage \u00e0 l\u2019\u00eatre humain de micro-organismes pathog\u00e8nes provenant des animaux. Or, selon l\u2019OMS, les maladies qui r\u00e9sultent de telles<br \/>\ntransmissions comptent parmi les plus dangereuses qui soient.<\/p>\n<p>Fi\u00e8vre h\u00e9morragique de Crim\u00e9e-Congo, virus Ebola et maladie du virus de Marburg, fi\u00e8vre de Lassa, coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (MERS-CoV) et syndrome respiratoire aigu\u00eb<br \/>\ns\u00e9v\u00e8re (SRAS), Nipah et maladies h\u00e9nipavirales, fi\u00e8vre de la vall\u00e9e du Rift, Zika\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Toutes ces maladies ont en commun de figurer sur la liste \u00ab Blueprint des maladie prioritaires \u00bb, \u00e9tablie par l\u2019OMS en 2018. Les maladies list\u00e9es ici sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme des urgences sur lesquelles doivent se concentrer les recherches. Elles pr\u00e9sentent en effet un risque de sant\u00e9 publique \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle, en raison de leur potentiel \u00e9pid\u00e9mique et de l\u2019absence ou du nombre limit\u00e9 de mesures de traitement et de contr\u00f4le actuellement disponibles.<\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>Cette liste comporte \u00e9galement une \u00ab maladie X \u00bb : ce terme \u00e9nigmatique d\u00e9signe la maladie qui sera responsable d\u2019une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie internationale d\u2019ampleur, caus\u00e9e par un pathog\u00e8ne actuellement inconnu. L\u2019OMS ne doute pas qu\u2019elle puisse survenir, et demande donc \u00e0 la communaut\u00e9 internationale de se pr\u00e9parer en pr\u00e9vision d\u2019un tel sc\u00e9nario catastrophe.<\/p>\n<p>Les relations entre la biodiversit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces h\u00f4tes et celle des parasites et microbes pathog\u00e8nes sont complexes. En modifiant la structure des communaut\u00e9s, tous ces changements environnementaux risquent d\u2019entra\u00eener une modification des sch\u00e9mas \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques existants. Dans ce contexte, les populations humaines peuvent se retrouver au contact d\u2019un animal porteur d\u2019un virus capable de les contaminer. Un cycle d\u2019infections peut alors se mettre en place. Il d\u00e9bute par des cas sporadiques de transmission de l\u2019animal \u00e0 l\u2019\u00eatre humain, appel\u00e9 \u00ab virus chatter \u00bb (\u00ab bavardageviral \u00bb). Ensuite, \u00e0 mesure que les cycles se multiplient, l\u2019\u00e9mergence de la transmission interhumaine devient in\u00e9vitable.<\/p>\n<p>Une fois l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie d\u00e9clench\u00e9e, la rapidit\u00e9 de r\u00e9action est primordiale. Outre les mesures sanitaires de rigueur, lorsque le temps manque pour mener des \u00e9tudes \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques appropri\u00e9es les<br \/>\nmod\u00e9lisations math\u00e9matiques peuvent \u00eatre d\u2019un grand secours pour \u00e9valuer rapidement l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de la pr\u00e9vention, et anticiper l\u2019\u00e9volution de la maladie. Mais appr\u00e9hender la complexit\u00e9 des interactions entre r\u00e9servoir naturel, agent pathog\u00e8ne et h\u00f4te(s) interm\u00e9diaire(s) reste un d\u00e9fi de taille lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019intervenir rapidement pour arr\u00eater la transmission de la maladie. L\u2019exemple du COVID-19 l\u2019illustre une nouvelle fois : plus de deux mois apr\u00e8s les premi\u00e8res infections, les divers maillons animaux de la cha\u00eene de transmission de l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie restent \u00e0 identifier.<\/p>\n<p>Extrait et source : <a href=\"https:\/\/horizon.documentation.ird.fr\/exl-doc\/pleins_textes\/divers20-02\/010077592.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/horizon.documentation.ird.fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"23607\">(523)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9mergence de nouvelles \u00e9pid\u00e9mies est in\u00e9vitable, voici pourquoi. De nombreux indices portent \u00e0 croire que la fr\u00e9quence des \u00e9mergences de&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20759,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Les futures \u00e9pid\u00e9mies que nous vivrons dans notre monde @laterredufutur.com Terra Projects","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[18],"tags":[3054,5499,128,130,684,1066],"class_list":["post-23607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monde-futur","tag-bacterie","tag-epidemie","tag-futur","tag-monde","tag-video","tag-virus","wpcat-18-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/coronavirus.jpg?fit=1024%2C415&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-68L","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":24118,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-peste-na-jamais-disparu-de-notre-monde-elle-pourrait-reapparaitre-sous-une-forme-resistante-aux-medicaments\/","url_meta":{"origin":23607,"position":0},"title":"La peste n&rsquo;a jamais disparu de notre monde &#8211; elle pourrait r\u00e9appara\u00eetre sous une forme r\u00e9sistante aux m\u00e9dicaments","author":"Admin","date":"4 juillet 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"La peste peut sembler \u00eatre une maladie ancienne, mais la bact\u00e9rie qui en est responsable persiste chez les rongeurs et les puces du monde entier. Les chercheurs pr\u00e9viennent qu'elle pourrait refaire surface sous une forme que nos antibiotiques ne peuvent pas traiter et pourrait provoquer une nouvelle pand\u00e9mie. L'assaut de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Monde Futur&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Monde Futur","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/monde-futur\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/virologie-virus.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/virologie-virus.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/virologie-virus.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/virologie-virus.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/virologie-virus.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19497,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/ebola-le-monde-en-etat-durgence-selon-loms\/","url_meta":{"origin":23607,"position":1},"title":"Ebola : Le monde en \u00e9tat d&rsquo;urgence selon l&rsquo;OMS","author":"Admin","date":"22 juillet 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Avide et meurtrier, le virus Ebola est de retour en Afrique. \u00ab Ennemi public num\u00e9ro un \u00bb dans un pays qui en compte tant, la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC), l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie, d\u00e9clar\u00e9e en ao\u00fbt 2018 dans les provinces du Nord-Kivu et de l\u2019Ituri, est la dixi\u00e8me et la plus grave\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Monde Futur&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Monde Futur","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/monde-futur\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ebola-virus.jpg?fit=1024%2C578&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ebola-virus.jpg?fit=1024%2C578&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ebola-virus.jpg?fit=1024%2C578&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ebola-virus.jpg?fit=1024%2C578&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":10885,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-monde-de-virus-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":23607,"position":2},"title":"Un monde de Virus","author":"Admin","date":"2 f\u00e9vrier 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"L\u2019inqui\u00e9tude monte face au virus Zika. Se propageant de mani\u00e8re explosive, il est fortement soup\u00e7onn\u00e9 de causer des troubles neurologiques, le syndrome de Guillain-Barr\u00e9, et des malformations cong\u00e9nitales, les microc\u00e9phalies. Lundi 1er\u00a0f\u00e9vrier, \u00e0 l\u2019issue d\u2019une r\u00e9union d\u2019experts, l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 (OMS) a d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 que l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie constitue \u00ab\u00a0une urgence\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Monde Futur&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Monde Futur","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/monde-futur\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/virus-zika-2.jpg?fit=648%2C415&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/virus-zika-2.jpg?fit=648%2C415&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/virus-zika-2.jpg?fit=648%2C415&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":18929,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-super-champignon-mortel-pourrait-marquer-le-debut-dune-epidemie-dans-le-monde\/","url_meta":{"origin":23607,"position":3},"title":"Un \u00ab\u00a0super champignon\u00a0\u00bb mortel pourrait marquer le d\u00e9but d&rsquo;une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie dans le monde","author":"Admin","date":"9 avril 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"La capacit\u00e9 des bact\u00e9ries \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper une r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques est bien connue, mais il s'av\u00e8re que les champignons \u00e9voluent \u00e9galement pour r\u00e9sister \u00e0 la m\u00e9decine moderne. Aujourd'hui, un champignon de ce type appara\u00eet dans les h\u00f4pitaux du monde entier et tue la moiti\u00e9 des personnes qui le contractent dans\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Monde Futur&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Monde Futur","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/monde-futur\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/super-fungus-global-epidemic-.png?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/super-fungus-global-epidemic-.png?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/super-fungus-global-epidemic-.png?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/super-fungus-global-epidemic-.png?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/super-fungus-global-epidemic-.png?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":16640,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/le-virus-nipah-met-en-alerte-loms-et-le-monde\/","url_meta":{"origin":23607,"position":4},"title":"Le virus Nipah met en alerte l&rsquo;OMS et le monde","author":"Admin","date":"24 mai 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"5 choses \u00e0 savoir sur le virus Nipah, qui a fait au moins dix morts en Inde. Identifi\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois en Malaisie en 1998, le virus Nipah peut causer des enc\u00e9phalites mortelles et des comas. Il n'existe \u00e0 ce jour pas de vaccin. Les autorit\u00e9s indiennes sont en\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Monde Futur&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Monde Futur","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/monde-futur\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/virus-Nipah.jpeg?fit=647%2C363&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/virus-Nipah.jpeg?fit=647%2C363&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/virus-Nipah.jpeg?fit=647%2C363&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":16425,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/notre-monde-face-a-la-maladie-x\/","url_meta":{"origin":23607,"position":5},"title":"Notre monde face \u00e0 la maladie X","author":"Admin","date":"23 mars 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00ab L'Histoire nous dit que la prochaine grosse \u00e9pid\u00e9mie sera quelque chose que nous n'avons jamais vue \u00bb : L'OMS met en garde contre une possible \u00ab maladie X \u00bb. La maladie X , qu\u00e8saco ? Il s'agirait d'une maladie qui pourrait causer un danger \u00e0 \u00e9chelle internationale. Mais cette\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Monde Futur&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Monde Futur","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/monde-futur\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/virus-x.jpg?fit=454%2C200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23607"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23607\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23608,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23607\/revisions\/23608"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20759"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}