{"id":23550,"date":"2021-12-15T17:16:09","date_gmt":"2021-12-15T16:16:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=23550"},"modified":"2021-12-15T17:16:09","modified_gmt":"2021-12-15T16:16:09","slug":"chronique-et-explications-dune-mjo-loscillation-de-madden-julian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/chronique-et-explications-dune-mjo-loscillation-de-madden-julian\/","title":{"rendered":"Chronique et explications d&rsquo;une MJO (L\u2019oscillation de Madden-Julian)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>L\u2019oscillation de Madden-Julian est un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne anormal de fortes pr\u00e9cipitations le long de l&rsquo;\u00e9quateur \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle plan\u00e9taire. Il se caract\u00e9rise par une progression graduelle vers l&rsquo;est des zones de pluies tropicales et des zones s\u00e8ches concomitantes. On l&rsquo;observe surtout dans les oc\u00e9ans Indien et Pacifique. Les pluies anormalement fortes se d\u00e9veloppent d&rsquo;abord dans l&rsquo;ouest de l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an Indien et se d\u00e9placent vers l&rsquo;est sur les eaux chaudes du Pacifique ouest et central. Par la suite, ces zones de pluies deviennent diffuses quand elles passent sur les eaux plus froides de l&rsquo;est du Pacifique mais reprennent leur d\u00e9veloppement lorsqu&rsquo;elles passent sur l&rsquo;Atlantique tropical.<\/p>\n<p>En 1971, les chercheurs Roland Madden et Paul Julian ont trouv\u00e9 en analysant la forme des anomalies de vents dans l&rsquo;Oc\u00e9an Pacifique tropical une oscillation durant 40 \u00e0 50 jours. Ils \u00e9tudi\u00e8rent ensuite les variations de pression pendant dix ans \u00e0 la station de Canton (dans le Pacifique) et les vents d&rsquo;altitude \u00e0 Singapour. Selon leurs r\u00e9sultats, la corr\u00e9lation entre la variation de pression et des vents d&rsquo;altitude \u00e0 Singapour \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s nette mais jusqu&rsquo;au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1980, cela resta une curiosit\u00e9 qui prit le nom d&rsquo;Oscillation de Madden-Julian.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_23553\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23553\" style=\"width: 990px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"23553\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/chronique-et-explications-dune-mjo-loscillation-de-madden-julian\/mjo-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.jpg?fit=990%2C670&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"990,670\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"MJO\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;La carte ci-dessus r\u00e9sume le fonctionnement et les effets de l&amp;rsquo;oscillation de Madden-Julian. L&amp;rsquo;exemple montre un MJO en phase humide sur l&amp;rsquo;oc\u00e9an indien et donc en phase s\u00e8che sur l&amp;rsquo;oc\u00e9an pacifique. La zone humide favorise la convection, ce qui \u00e0 contrario propage de part et d&amp;rsquo;autre de l&amp;rsquo;air subsident sec et peu propice au d\u00e9veloppement nuageux. \u00a9NOAA&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.jpg?fit=300%2C203&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.jpg?fit=800%2C541&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23553\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.jpg?resize=990%2C670&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"990\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.jpg?w=990&amp;ssl=1 990w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.jpg?resize=300%2C203&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.jpg?resize=800%2C541&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.jpg?resize=768%2C520&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 990px) 100vw, 990px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23553\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">La carte ci-dessus r\u00e9sume le fonctionnement et les effets de l&rsquo;oscillation de Madden-Julian. L&rsquo;exemple montre un MJO en phase humide sur l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an indien et donc en phase s\u00e8che sur l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an pacifique. La zone humide favorise la convection, ce qui \u00e0 contrario propage de part et d&rsquo;autre de l&rsquo;air subsident sec et peu propice au d\u00e9veloppement nuageux. \u00a9NOAA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Les caract\u00e9ristiques des anomalies dans la circulation atmosph\u00e9rique \u00e0 bas et haut niveaux sont distinctes lors d&rsquo;une Oscillation de Madden-Julian. Ces caract\u00e9ristiques couvrent le globe avec une variabilit\u00e9 interannuelle. Des ann\u00e9es de forts \u00e9pisodes de MJO cons\u00e9cutifs sont suivies d&rsquo;ann\u00e9e sans MJO ou avec de tr\u00e8s faible \u00e9pisodes. Cette variabilit\u00e9 semble partiellement reli\u00e9e au cycle de l&rsquo;ENSO (El Ni\u00f1o-Oscillation australe): dans l&rsquo;Oc\u00e9an Pacifique, de forts OMJ pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent de 6 \u00e0 12 mois le maximum des \u00e9pisodes de El Ni\u00f1o alors qu&rsquo;une faible activit\u00e9 est reli\u00e9e \u00e0 La Ni\u00f1a. Sur le reste de la plan\u00e8te, la variabilit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;MJO est plus reli\u00e9e par la dynamique interne de l&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re.<\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<figure id=\"attachment_23554\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23554\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"23554\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/chronique-et-explications-dune-mjo-loscillation-de-madden-julian\/phases-mjo\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/phases-MJO.jpg?fit=800%2C692&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"800,692\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"phases MJO\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/phases-MJO.jpg?fit=300%2C260&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/phases-MJO.jpg?fit=800%2C692&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23554\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/phases-MJO.jpg?resize=800%2C692&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"692\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/phases-MJO.jpg?w=800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/phases-MJO.jpg?resize=300%2C260&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/phases-MJO.jpg?resize=768%2C664&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23554\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">La moyenne des anomalies de la pression atmosph\u00e9rique au niveau<br \/>de la mer par rapport \u00e0 la phase du MJO suivant l&rsquo;indice du RMM.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Le m\u00e9t\u00e9orologue fran\u00e7ais Christophe Cassou (du Centre europ\u00e9en de recherche et de formation avanc\u00e9e en calcul scientifique) a publi\u00e9 en 2008 un lien statistique entre les r\u00e9gimes climatiques europ\u00e9ens qui d\u00e9pendent de l\u2019oscillation nord-atlantique et l\u2019oscillation de Madden-Julian (MJO). L\u2019onde atmosph\u00e9rique causant la MJO peut entrer en interaction avec le courant-jet polaire venant des latitudes moyennes de la Terre. Le docteur Cassou mentionne que l\u2019interaction qui affecterait le climat de l\u2019Europe se produirait g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e0 deux endroits : \u00e0 l\u2019est de l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an Pacifique et \u00e0 l\u2019ouest de l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an Atlantique. Le courant-jet servirait alors de courroie de transmission de la MJO vers les r\u00e9gimes europ\u00e9ens de la NAO.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"23551\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/chronique-et-explications-dune-mjo-loscillation-de-madden-julian\/mjo-et-nao\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO-et-NAO.jpg?fit=960%2C960&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"960,960\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"MJO &amp;#8211; et NAO\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO-et-NAO.jpg?fit=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO-et-NAO.jpg?fit=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-23551\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO-et-NAO.jpg?resize=960%2C960&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO-et-NAO.jpg?w=960&amp;ssl=1 960w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO-et-NAO.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO-et-NAO.jpg?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO-et-NAO.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO-et-NAO.jpg?resize=144%2C144&amp;ssl=1 144w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Selon les corr\u00e9lations statistiques, les r\u00e9gimes de NAO+ semblent d\u00e9clench\u00e9s par l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e d&rsquo;une onde, venant de la MJO de l\u2019ouest de l&rsquo;Atlantique, qui se propage avec le courant-jet. Les r\u00e9gimes NAO- (oscillation nord Atlantique) sont eux caus\u00e9s par une onde venant de l\u2019est du Pacifique. Le pr\u00e9avis semble \u00eatre de plusieurs semaines mais la corr\u00e9lation marche surtout bien lorsque les MJO sont tr\u00e8s actives. Bien que l&rsquo;oscillation intra-saisonni\u00e8re peut avoir le potentiel d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer la pr\u00e9visibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 long terme, sa r\u00e9alisation pratique est entrav\u00e9e par plusieurs facteurs. Puis en raison de sa lente \u00e9volution naturelle, la pr\u00e9diction exacte de la MJO est difficile au-del\u00e0 d&rsquo;une ou deux semaine.<\/p>\n<p>Cette oscillation a un impact indirect sur l&rsquo;Europe par l&rsquo;interm\u00e9diaire de la NAO (oscillation nord Atlantique) en phase quasi neutre \u00e0 positive. Il est \u00e0 noter qu&rsquo;\u00e0 la mi-d\u00e9cembre 2021, la MJO \u00e9tait en phase 7 et devrait influencer une p\u00e9riode plus froide sur les f\u00eates de fin d&rsquo;ann\u00e9e 2021.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/groups\/MeteoNet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Suivi en cours sur M\u00e9t\u00e9oNet<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"23552\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/chronique-et-explications-dune-mjo-loscillation-de-madden-julian\/mjo\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.png?fit=547%2C547&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"547,547\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"MJO\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.png?fit=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.png?fit=547%2C547&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23552 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.png?resize=547%2C547&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"547\" height=\"547\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.png?w=547&amp;ssl=1 547w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.png?resize=144%2C144&amp;ssl=1 144w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 547px) 100vw, 547px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Sources : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oscillation_de_Madden-Julian\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/<\/a> \/ <a href=\"http:\/\/la.climatologie.free.fr\/MJO\/MJO.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/la.climatologie.free.fr\/<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cycloneoi.com\/archives-blog\/infos-diverses\/point-sur-l-oscillation-de-madden-julian-mjo.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.cycloneoi.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"23550\">(774)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019oscillation de Madden-Julian est un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne anormal de fortes pr\u00e9cipitations le long de l&rsquo;\u00e9quateur \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle plan\u00e9taire. Il se caract\u00e9rise&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23553,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Chronique et explications d'une #MJO (L\u2019oscillation de Madden-Julian) @laterredufutur.com Terra Projects","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[32],"tags":[244,7806,241,7807,243,2659,7808],"class_list":["post-23550","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-meteorologie","tag-indien","tag-mjo","tag-ocean","tag-oscillation-de-madden-julian","tag-pacifique","tag-phenomene","tag-precipitions","wpcat-32-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/MJO.jpg?fit=990%2C670&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-67Q","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":25039,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/de-lindonesie-a-leurope-de-louest-el-nino-et-son-impact\/","url_meta":{"origin":23550,"position":0},"title":"De l&rsquo;Indon\u00e9sie \u00e0 l&rsquo;Europe de l&rsquo;Ouest : El Ni\u00f1o et son impact","author":"Admin","date":"26 juin 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Le temps hivernal au Royaume-Uni et en Europe peut \u00eatre divis\u00e9 en diff\u00e9rents mod\u00e8les bas\u00e9s sur les flux \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle dans l'atmosph\u00e8re. Une m\u00e9thode couramment utilis\u00e9e consiste \u00e0 utiliser un type d'algorithme d'apprentissage automatique - un algorithme de regroupement - pour diviser le temps en cat\u00e9gories distinctes, connues sous\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/el-nino-la-nina-MJO.png?fit=768%2C582&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/el-nino-la-nina-MJO.png?fit=768%2C582&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/el-nino-la-nina-MJO.png?fit=768%2C582&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/el-nino-la-nina-MJO.png?fit=768%2C582&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":24270,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/secheresse-la-nina-en-cause\/","url_meta":{"origin":23550,"position":1},"title":"S\u00e8cheresse, la Nina en cause","author":"Admin","date":"7 ao\u00fbt 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne La Ni\u00f1a pourrait durer jusqu'en 2023, et ce n'est pas une bonne nouvelle L'ONU a annonc\u00e9 vendredi que La Ni\u00f1a pourrait durer jusqu'en 2023. Les cons\u00e9quences mondiales de ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne m\u00e9t\u00e9o ravageur, cousin d'El Ni\u00f1o ? Pluies abondantes, cyclones, s\u00e9cheresse... Mais qu'est-ce que La Ni\u00f1a ? En simplifi\u00e9,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/secheresse-beau-temps.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/secheresse-beau-temps.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/secheresse-beau-temps.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/secheresse-beau-temps.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":25328,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-eruptions-volcaniques-attenuent-le-phenomene-el-nino-dans-locean-indien-pendant-une-periode-pouvant-aller-jusqua-8-ans\/","url_meta":{"origin":23550,"position":2},"title":"Les \u00e9ruptions volcaniques att\u00e9nuent le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne El Ni\u00f1o dans l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an Indien pendant une p\u00e9riode pouvant aller jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 8 ans","author":"Admin","date":"2 novembre 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Les \u00e9ruptions volcaniques qui se produisent dans les r\u00e9gions tropicales (23\u00b0N\/S de l'\u00e9quateur) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 associ\u00e9es \u00e0 une perturbation brutale des cycles climatiques \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle mondiale dans l'oc\u00e9an Indien au cours du dernier million d'ann\u00e9es, selon une nouvelle \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e dans Geophysical Research Letters. L'oscillation australe El Ni\u00f1o (ENSO) et\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Courants Marins&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Courants Marins","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/circulation-oceanique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/volcanic-eruptions-el-nino-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C576&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/volcanic-eruptions-el-nino-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C576&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/volcanic-eruptions-el-nino-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C576&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/volcanic-eruptions-el-nino-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C576&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/volcanic-eruptions-el-nino-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C576&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":235,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/indices-naoensopdo\/","url_meta":{"origin":23550,"position":3},"title":"Indices NAO,ENSO,PDO&#8230;","author":"Admin","date":"18 avril 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Indices NAO,ENSO,PDO... Il existe cinq ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes majeurs caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par une variation du couple Oc\u00e9an-Atmosph\u00e8re : l\u2019ENSO, la PDO, l\u2019IOD, la NAO et l\u2019AO. Ils sont repartis sur toutes les mers du globe et disposent chacun de deux phases, l\u2019une dite \u00ab positive \u00bb, l\u2019autre dite \u00ab n\u00e9gative \u00bb. ENSO :\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/meteorologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":25396,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/une-grande-masse-deau-chaude-dans-le-pacifique-pourrait-etre-a-lorigine-du-comportement-etrange-del-nino\/","url_meta":{"origin":23550,"position":4},"title":"Une grande masse d&rsquo;eau chaude dans le Pacifique pourrait \u00eatre \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine du comportement \u00e9trange d&rsquo;El Ni\u00f1o","author":"Admin","date":"2 d\u00e9cembre 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"El Ni\u00f1o bat son plein et restera probablement \"fort\" cet hiver, mais son effet sur les conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques aux USA et dans le monde d\u00e9pend du comportement d'une masse anormalement chaude dans le Pacifique occidental, selon les experts. Selon le Washington Post, une \u00e9trange masse d'eau chaude apparue dans le\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/el-nino-juin-2023.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/el-nino-juin-2023.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/el-nino-juin-2023.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/el-nino-juin-2023.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/el-nino-juin-2023.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":21477,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/comment-la-nina-affectera-t-elle-notre-meteo-cet-hiver\/","url_meta":{"origin":23550,"position":5},"title":"Comment La Nina affectera-t-elle notre m\u00e9t\u00e9o cet hiver ?","author":"Admin","date":"14 octobre 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"La Ni\u00f1a est maintenant pr\u00e9sente dans le Pacifique tropical et les pr\u00e9visionnistes sugg\u00e8rent que ces conditions se poursuivront tout au long des mois de l'hiver.\u00a0\u00a0 La Ni\u00f1a est l'une des trois phases du ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne connu sous le nom d'\u00a0El Ni\u00f1o-Oscillation australe, El Ni\u00f1o - la phase chaude, La Ni\u00f1a -\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/sst-nina-octobre2020.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/sst-nina-octobre2020.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/sst-nina-octobre2020.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/sst-nina-octobre2020.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/sst-nina-octobre2020.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23550","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23550"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23550\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23555,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23550\/revisions\/23555"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23550"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23550"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23550"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}