{"id":23528,"date":"2021-12-11T19:25:42","date_gmt":"2021-12-11T18:25:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=23528"},"modified":"2021-12-11T19:25:42","modified_gmt":"2021-12-11T18:25:42","slug":"les-mammouths-et-les-chevaux-anciens-ont-disparu-il-y-a-6000-ans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-mammouths-et-les-chevaux-anciens-ont-disparu-il-y-a-6000-ans\/","title":{"rendered":"Les Mammouths et les chevaux anciens ont disparu il y a 6000 ans"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Une nouvelle \u00e9tude s&rsquo;int\u00e9ressant \u00e0 l&rsquo;ADN recueilli dans le perg\u00e9lisol r\u00e9v\u00e8le que les mammouths et les chevaux anciens d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique du Nord auraient disparu il y a 6000 ans, et non 13 000 ans, comme l&rsquo;affirmaient des \u00e9tudes s&rsquo;int\u00e9ressant \u00e0 de l&rsquo;ADN retrouv\u00e9 dans des archives osseuses.<\/p>\n<p>Une \u00e9quipe de scientifiques de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 McMaster et de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de l\u2019Alberta, ainsi que le gouvernement du Yukon et le Mus\u00e9e am\u00e9ricain d\u2019histoire naturelle se sont int\u00e9ress\u00e9s \u00e0 de l\u2019ADN provenant d\u2019\u00e9chantillons de sol de la r\u00e9gion du Klondike, au Yukon, pour \u00e9tudier des milliers d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es d\u2019histoire naturelle.<\/p>\n<p>Juste en r\u00e9coltant de minuscules particules de terre &#8211; dans ce cas, entre 0,5 et 1 gramme, ce qui repr\u00e9sente tr\u00e8s peu de s\u00e9diments -, nous pouvons reconstituer l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me avec une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d&rsquo;animaux qui existaient dans la r\u00e9gion, assure Tyler Murchie, chercheur en postdoctorat \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 McMaster et auteur principal de l&rsquo;\u00e9tude.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9quipe s\u2019est particuli\u00e8rement int\u00e9ress\u00e9e \u00e0 la transition entre le pl\u00e9istoc\u00e8ne et l&rsquo;holoc\u00e8ne, une p\u00e9riode instable d&rsquo;il y a environ 11 000 \u00e0 14 000 ans, quand de gros animaux comme les mammouths, les mastodontes et les chats \u00e0 dents de sabre ont disparu.<\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9tude, publi\u00e9e dans la revue Nature Communications, conclut que les populations de mammouths et de chevaux nord-am\u00e9ricains connaissaient un fort d\u00e9clin avant cette p\u00e9riode. En revanche, ils n\u2019auraient pas disparu il y a 13 000 ans comme le disaient des archives osseuses \u00e9tudi\u00e9es dans le pass\u00e9, puisque l\u2019ADN d\u00e9montre qu\u2019ils \u00e9taient encore pr\u00e9sents il y a 6000 ans.<\/p>\n<p>Pendant la p\u00e9riode \u00e9tudi\u00e9e, l\u2019environnement du Yukon est pass\u00e9 des riches prairies, connues sous le nom de steppes des mammouths , aux \u00e9paisses for\u00eats bor\u00e9ales que l\u2019on conna\u00eet aujourd\u2019hui. Selon le chercheur, l&rsquo;une des th\u00e9ories veut que la disparition des grands animaux de p\u00e2turage a port\u00e9 un grand coup \u00e0 la vie v\u00e9g\u00e9tale.<\/p>\n<p>Selon une partie de cette th\u00e9orie, une grande partie de l&rsquo;h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord ressemblait \u00e0 la savane africaine moderne. Quand beaucoup de grands animaux ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 dispara\u00eetre, ces types de r\u00e9seaux \u00e9cologiques ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 se d\u00e9sagr\u00e9ger, explique-t-il.<\/p>\n<p>Extrait et r\u00e9sum\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/ici.radio-canada.ca\/nouvelle\/1846217\/etude-yukon-mammouths-chevaux-disparition-recente\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/ici.radio-canada.ca\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"23528\">(846)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une nouvelle \u00e9tude s&rsquo;int\u00e9ressant \u00e0 l&rsquo;ADN recueilli dans le perg\u00e9lisol r\u00e9v\u00e8le que les mammouths et les chevaux anciens d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique du&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6196,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Les #Mammouths et les chevaux anciens ont disparu il y a 6000 ans @laterredufutur.com Terra Projects","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[33],"tags":[7804,189,951],"class_list":["post-23528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archeologie","tag-6000-ans","tag-amerique-du-nord","tag-mammouth","wpcat-33-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1600%2C1200&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-67u","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":19771,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-derniers-mammouth-ont-disparu-il-y-a-4000-ans\/","url_meta":{"origin":23528,"position":0},"title":"Les derniers Mammouth ont disparu il y a 4000 ans","author":"Admin","date":"6 novembre 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Les derniers mammouths laineux vivaient sur l'\u00eele Wrangel dans l'oc\u00e9an Arctique; ils sont morts il y a 4000 ans et en tr\u00e8s peu de temps. Une \u00e9quipe de recherche internationale des universit\u00e9s d'Helsinki, de T\u00fcbingen et de l'Acad\u00e9mie des sciences de Russie a maintenant reconstitu\u00e9 le sc\u00e9nario qui aurait pu\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/mammouth-1.jpg?fit=1180%2C738&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/mammouth-1.jpg?fit=1180%2C738&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/mammouth-1.jpg?fit=1180%2C738&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/mammouth-1.jpg?fit=1180%2C738&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/mammouth-1.jpg?fit=1180%2C738&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":17010,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-laboratoire-digne-de-jurassic-park-va-ouvrir-en-siberie\/","url_meta":{"origin":23528,"position":1},"title":"Un laboratoire digne de Jurassic Park va ouvrir en Sib\u00e9rie","author":"Admin","date":"6 octobre 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Pr\u00e8s de 6 millions de dollars devraient \u00eatre investis dans la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un laboratoire de pointe en Sib\u00e9rie qui tentera notamment de ramener \u00e0 la vie mammouths et autres esp\u00e8ces pr\u00e9historiques disparues. Le projet sera d\u00e9voil\u00e9 ce mois-ci \u00e0 l\u2019occasion du 4e forum \u00e9conomique de l\u2019Est. UN LABORATOIRE DE POINTE\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/poutine.jpg?fit=720%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/poutine.jpg?fit=720%2C480&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/poutine.jpg?fit=720%2C480&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/poutine.jpg?fit=720%2C480&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":14563,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/des-hommes-presents-en-amerique-du-nord-il-y-a-24-000-ans\/","url_meta":{"origin":23528,"position":2},"title":"Des hommes pr\u00e9sents en Am\u00e9rique du Nord il y a 24.000 ans","author":"Admin","date":"27 janvier 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Des vestiges osseux mis au jour \u00e0 Blue Fish Cave, des grottes situ\u00e9es au Canada, prouvent que des hommes avaient atteint l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord 10 000 ans plus t\u00f4t qu\u2019on ne pensait. L\u2019arriv\u00e9e ancienne des premiers hommes en Am\u00e9rique fait un bond dans le temps\u2026 de 10 000 ans !\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/os-amerique-du-nord-hommes-24000ans.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/os-amerique-du-nord-hommes-24000ans.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/os-amerique-du-nord-hommes-24000ans.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/os-amerique-du-nord-hommes-24000ans.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6194,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-monde-ressuscite\/","url_meta":{"origin":23528,"position":3},"title":"Un Monde ressuscit\u00e9","author":"Admin","date":"28 avril 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Nous venons de franchir un pas historique. Verrons-nous bient\u00f4t ressusciter les mammouths laineux, avec leurs d\u00e9fenses impressionnantes et leur pelage \u00e9pais\u2009? Esp\u00e8ce disparue depuis 4 000 ans, son ADN a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment reconstitu\u00e9. Seulement 80 % de son g\u00e9nome avaient pu \u00eatre retrouv\u00e9s par des scientifiques en 2008. Une \u00e9tude,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":18668,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/des-cellules-de-mammouth-laineux-ravivees-28-000-ans-apres\/","url_meta":{"origin":23528,"position":4},"title":"Des cellules de mammouth laineux \u00ab raviv\u00e9es \u00bb 28.000 ans apr\u00e8s","author":"Admin","date":"22 avril 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Des chercheurs japonais sont parvenus \u00e0 restaurer quelques fonctions de noyaux de cellules de mammouth laineux en les implantant dans des ovocytes de souris. Une \u00e9ni\u00e8me tentative qui vise \u00e0 ressusciter cette esp\u00e8ce embl\u00e9matique. Le retour du mammouth est un mythe toujours bien vivace et les scientifiques n'en finissent plus\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/mammouth.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":18956,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-mammouths-et-les-neandertaliens-ont-des-traits-genetiques-communs\/","url_meta":{"origin":23528,"position":5},"title":"Les Mammouths et les N\u00e9andertaliens ont des traits g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques communs","author":"Admin","date":"23 juin 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Une nouvelle \u00e9tude de l'Universit\u00e9 de Tel Aviv sugg\u00e8re que les profils g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques de deux mammif\u00e8res disparus d'ascendance africaine ; les mammouths laineux, des animaux ressemblant \u00e0 des \u00e9l\u00e9phants qui se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s dans la p\u00e9ninsule arctique de l'Eurasie il y a environ 600 000 ans, et les N\u00e9andertaliens, des\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/mammouth-chasseurs.jpg?fit=960%2C560&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/mammouth-chasseurs.jpg?fit=960%2C560&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/mammouth-chasseurs.jpg?fit=960%2C560&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/mammouth-chasseurs.jpg?fit=960%2C560&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23528","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23528"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23528\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23529,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23528\/revisions\/23529"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6196"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23528"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}