{"id":21395,"date":"2020-09-24T17:00:29","date_gmt":"2020-09-24T15:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=21395"},"modified":"2020-09-22T15:49:37","modified_gmt":"2020-09-22T13:49:37","slug":"la-crise-de-salinite-messinienne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-crise-de-salinite-messinienne\/","title":{"rendered":"La crise de salinit\u00e9 messinienne"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>La\u00a0<strong>crise de salinit\u00e9 messinienne<\/strong>\u00a0est un \u00e9v\u00e9nement g\u00e9ologique au cours duquel la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e s&rsquo;est presque compl\u00e8tement ass\u00e9ch\u00e9e, devenant un immense lac sal\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"290\" height=\"521\" data-attachment-id=\"21397\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-crise-de-salinite-messinienne\/messiniane\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/messiniane.png?fit=290%2C521&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"290,521\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"messiniane\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/messiniane.png?fit=167%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/messiniane.png?fit=290%2C521&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/messiniane.png?resize=290%2C521&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-21397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/messiniane.png?w=290&amp;ssl=1 290w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/messiniane.png?resize=167%2C300&amp;ssl=1 167w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px\" \/><figcaption>Le C\u00e9nozo\u00efque, avec ses p\u00e9riodes, ses \u00e9poques et ses \u00e2ges<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quand la crise de salinit\u00e9 s&rsquo;est produite<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>La crise de salinit\u00e9 s&rsquo;est produite dans le\u00a0<strong>Messinien<\/strong>, il y a environ 6 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es (pour \u00eatre pr\u00e9cis\u00a0<strong>5,6 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es<\/strong>\u00a0).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pourquoi la crise de salinit\u00e9 s&rsquo;est produite<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Plusieurs th\u00e9ories ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9es sur les&nbsp;<strong>causes de la crise de salinit\u00e9 messinienne<\/strong>&nbsp;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La premi\u00e8re th\u00e9orie \u00e9tait bas\u00e9e sur&nbsp;<strong>la tectonique des plaques<\/strong>&nbsp;: le mouvement des&nbsp;<strong>plaques<\/strong>&nbsp;africaines, arabes et eurasiennes conduit \u00e0 l&rsquo;isolement de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Plus tard, d&rsquo;autres chercheurs ont propos\u00e9 une nouvelle hypoth\u00e8se, selon laquelle la fermeture du d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar \u00e9tait due \u00e0 l&rsquo;<strong>abaissement du niveau de<\/strong>\u00a0la mer suite \u00e0 l&rsquo;augmentation de la calotte glaciaire antarctique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Une autre th\u00e9orie expliquait cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement comme l&rsquo;effet d&rsquo;une combinaison de mouvements tectoniques et de l&rsquo;augmentation de la glace.\u00a0Cependant, aucune de ces hypoth\u00e8ses n&rsquo;avait jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9e concr\u00e8tement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"21401\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-crise-de-salinite-messinienne\/messinien-salinite\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Messinien-salinite.jpg?fit=350%2C236&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"350,236\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Messinien-salinite\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Messinien-salinite.jpg?fit=300%2C202&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Messinien-salinite.jpg?fit=350%2C236&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Messinien-salinite.jpg?resize=578%2C390&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-21401\" width=\"578\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Messinien-salinite.jpg?w=350&amp;ssl=1 350w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Messinien-salinite.jpg?resize=300%2C202&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 578px) 100vw, 578px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Une \u00e9tude de 2015 publi\u00e9e dans la\u00a0<strong>revue Nature<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncomms9765\">https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncomms9765<\/a>\u00a0), propos\u00e9e par une \u00e9quipe internationale de chercheurs dont Fabio Florindo de l&rsquo;\u00a0<strong>Institut national de g\u00e9ophysique et de volcanologie (INGV)<\/strong>, a fourni un nouvelle th\u00e9orie convaincante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette \u00e9tude fournit la premi\u00e8re preuve g\u00e9ologique du lien entre l&rsquo;expansion des glaces antarctiques et la crise messinienne, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tude de&nbsp;<strong>60<\/strong>&nbsp;carottes de&nbsp;<strong>s\u00e9diments<\/strong>&nbsp;provenant de diverses campagnes de forage autour de l&rsquo;Antarctique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De plus, un mod\u00e8le informatique a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 pour simuler la croissance de la calotte glaciaire antarctique, pour voir quel impact cette croissance pourrait avoir, ainsi que\u00a0<strong>la baisse du niveau de la mer<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La simulation a donn\u00e9 des r\u00e9sultats int\u00e9ressants, notamment qu&rsquo;avec l&rsquo;<strong>\u00e9vaporation de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/strong>, la cro\u00fbte terrestre autour du d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 augmenter en raison du manque de poids de l&rsquo;eau.\u00a0Cette situation a dur\u00e9 jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 ce que la cro\u00fbte commence \u00e0 se d\u00e9tendre et que la calotte glaciaire antarctique ait fondu.<\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9vaporation de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e: les preuves g\u00e9ologiques<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>En 1961, une campagne g\u00e9ophysique qui a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 le fond de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 l&rsquo;existence d&rsquo;un\u00a0<strong>niveau sismique hautement r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissant<\/strong>, continu lat\u00e9ralement et d\u00e9limitant une structure g\u00e9ologique \u00e0 une profondeur comprise entre 100 et 200 m\u00e8tres sous le fond marin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce niveau, appel\u00e9&nbsp;<strong>r\u00e9flecteur M<\/strong>&nbsp;(&nbsp;<strong>r\u00e9flecteur M<\/strong>&nbsp;), suit fid\u00e8lement la morphologie du fond marin actuel, pr\u00e9sente des caract\u00e9ristiques uniformes et une vitesse \u00e9lev\u00e9e des ondes sismiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s une d\u00e9cennie, le forage r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par le\u00a0<em><strong>Glomar Challenger<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0(un navire de recherche), lors de la treizi\u00e8me campagne du projet Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP), a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 la nature du r\u00e9flecteur M: il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un niveau de\u00a0<strong>s\u00e9diments \u00e9vaporitiques<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00a0<strong>gypse<\/strong>\u00a0et\u00a0<strong>sel gemme<\/strong>\u00a0) avec un \u00e9paisseur atteignant 3 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"711\" height=\"564\" data-attachment-id=\"21398\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-crise-de-salinite-messinienne\/glomarchallengerbw\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/GlomarChallengerBW.jpeg?fit=711%2C564&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"711,564\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"GlomarChallengerBW\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/GlomarChallengerBW.jpeg?fit=300%2C238&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/GlomarChallengerBW.jpeg?fit=711%2C564&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/GlomarChallengerBW.jpeg?resize=711%2C564&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-21398\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/GlomarChallengerBW.jpeg?w=711&amp;ssl=1 711w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/GlomarChallengerBW.jpeg?resize=300%2C238&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 711px) 100vw, 711px\" \/><figcaption>Le\u00a0<br \/><em>Glomar Challenger<\/em>\u00a0, un navire utilis\u00e9 pour l&rsquo;exploration oc\u00e9anique et les \u00e9tudes de g\u00e9ologie marine<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quand la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e s&rsquo;est-elle \u00e0 nouveau remplie?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Le d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar a rouvert au d\u00e9but du Plioc\u00e8ne, les eaux de l&rsquo;Atlantique se sont d\u00e9vers\u00e9es en grande quantit\u00e9 en traversant un chenal relativement \u00e9troit: cela a pu g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des cascades avec une plus grande diff\u00e9rence de hauteur et de puissance que n&rsquo;importe quelle autre cascade actuelle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne, appel\u00e9 \u00a0\u00bb\u00a0<strong>inondation de Zancleana<\/strong>\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0, a dur\u00e9 relativement peu de temps (quelques centaines ou milliers d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es).\u00a0En fait, les preuves g\u00e9ologiques (par exemple la\u00a0<strong>formation du Trubi<\/strong>\u00a0), indiquent la pr\u00e9sence de s\u00e9diments marins profonds avec des\u00a0<strong>microfossiles<\/strong>, qui vivaient \u00e0 une profondeur \u00e9lev\u00e9e, imm\u00e9diatement au-dessus des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts messiniens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L&rsquo;ouverture du d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar aurait d\u00fb se faire tr\u00e8s rapidement (en termes g\u00e9ologiques), et le remplissage de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e a eu lieu en cent ans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La mine de Realmonte t\u00e9moigne de la crise messinienne<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Les gisements de sel gemme form\u00e9s pendant la crise messinienne sont visibles dans\u00a0<strong>la mine de Realmonte<\/strong>, dans la province d&rsquo;Agrigente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette mine est \u00e9galement connue car il y a une\u00a0<strong>cath\u00e9drale de sel<\/strong>\u00a0o\u00f9 chaque ann\u00e9e, le 4 d\u00e9cembre, une messe est c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9e pour la f\u00eate de Sainte Barbara (la patronne des g\u00e9ologues).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" data-attachment-id=\"21399\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-crise-de-salinite-messinienne\/mine-realmonte\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mine-realmonte.jpg?fit=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,682\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"mine-realmonte\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mine-realmonte.jpg?fit=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mine-realmonte.jpg?fit=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mine-realmonte.jpg?resize=800%2C533&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-21399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mine-realmonte.jpg?resize=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mine-realmonte.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mine-realmonte.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mine-realmonte.jpg?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>D\u00e9tail de la mine Realmonte<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Adaptation <a href=\"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/\">Terra Projects<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>source : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.intrageo.it\/geologia\/crisi-salinita-messiniano\/\">https:\/\/www.intrageo.it\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"21395\">(1168)<\/p><!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La\u00a0crise de salinit\u00e9 messinienne\u00a0est un \u00e9v\u00e9nement g\u00e9ologique au cours duquel la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e s&rsquo;est presque compl\u00e8tement ass\u00e9ch\u00e9e, devenant un immense lac&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21396,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[20],"tags":[7474,2637,2161,7475,7477,2451],"class_list":["post-21395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climat","tag-crise-messinienne","tag-evaporation","tag-gibraltar","tag-mer-mediterranee-2","tag-niveau-sismique","tag-salinite","wpcat-20-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/mediterranee-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-5z5","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":22875,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/la-crise-de-salinite-messinienne-quand-la-mediterranee-fut-a-sec\/","url_meta":{"origin":21395,"position":0},"title":"La crise de salinit\u00e9 Messinienne, quand la m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e fut \u00e0 sec","author":"Admin","date":"5 ao\u00fbt 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"La crise de salinit\u00e9 messinienne est un \u00e9v\u00e9nement g\u00e9ologique au cours duquel la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e s'est presque enti\u00e8rement ass\u00e9ch\u00e9e, devenant un immense lac sal\u00e9. Quand est ce que la crise de salinit\u00e9 est survenue ? La crise de salinit\u00e9 s'est produite \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque messinienne, il y a environ 6 millions d'ann\u00e9es\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mer-mediterranee-a-sec-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mer-mediterranee-a-sec-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mer-mediterranee-a-sec-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mer-mediterranee-a-sec-crise-messinienne.jpg?fit=990%2C557&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":26408,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/il-y-a-5-5-millions-dannees-quand-la-mediterranee-sassecha\/","url_meta":{"origin":21395,"position":1},"title":"Il y a 5.5 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, quand la m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e s&rsquo;ass\u00e9cha !","author":"Admin","date":"21 novembre 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"La M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e a perdu 70% de son eau il y a 5,5 millions d'ann\u00e9es, un ass\u00e8chement spectaculaire d\u00fb \u00e0 une p\u00e9riode de fermeture du d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar, selon une \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e ce lundi 18 novembre 2024. Si ce passage \u00e9tait aujourd'hui bloqu\u00e9, cela entra\u00eenerait une baisse du niveau de la\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":25638,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/un-immense-canyon-decouvert-en-mediterranee\/","url_meta":{"origin":21395,"position":2},"title":"Un immense canyon d\u00e9couvert en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e","author":"Admin","date":"25 f\u00e9vrier 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Un canyon sous-marin long de 10 kilom\u00e8tres et profond de 500 m\u00e8tres a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvert en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e. Une nouvelle \u00e9tude r\u00e9v\u00e8le qu\u2019il se serait form\u00e9 sous l\u2019eau, il y a 6 millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es, alors que la mer commen\u00e7ait \u00e0 s\u2019ass\u00e9cher. Les fonds marins sont marqu\u00e9s de nombreux reliefs : monts,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Divers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Divers","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/divers\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/canyon-sous-marin.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/canyon-sous-marin.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/canyon-sous-marin.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/canyon-sous-marin.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":15218,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/il-y-a-53-millions-dannees-la-mediterranee-connu-son-pire-cataclysme-le-plus-benefique\/","url_meta":{"origin":21395,"position":3},"title":"Il y a 5,3 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, la m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e connu son pire cataclysme le plus b\u00e9n\u00e9fique","author":"Admin","date":"23 mai 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"C'est un cataclysme qui a rempli le bassin m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en il y a 5,3 millions d'ann\u00e9es. Avec un d\u00e9bit estim\u00e9 \u00e0 100 millions de m\u00e8tres cube par heure, il fut si important et rapide que le niveau de l'eau augmentait jusqu'\u00e0 10 m\u00e8tres par jour pour finalement remplir la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, alors\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/crise-salinite-messinienne.jpg?fit=850%2C637&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/crise-salinite-messinienne.jpg?fit=850%2C637&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/crise-salinite-messinienne.jpg?fit=850%2C637&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/crise-salinite-messinienne.jpg?fit=850%2C637&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":26837,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/il-y-a-5-millions-dannees-la-mediterranee-connaissait-le-plus-grand-deluge-de-son-histoire\/","url_meta":{"origin":21395,"position":4},"title":"Il y a 5 millions d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es, la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e connaissait le plus grand d\u00e9luge de son Histoire","author":"Admin","date":"20 avril 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Il y a un peu plus de 5 millions d'ann\u00e9es, l'eau de l'oc\u00e9an Atlantique a trouv\u00e9 un passage \u00e0 travers l'actuel d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar. Selon cette th\u00e9orie, l'oc\u00e9an a d\u00e9val\u00e9 plus vite qu'un bolide sur une pente d'un kilom\u00e8tre en direction de la mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e vide \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque, creusant\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Ev\u00e8nement Brutal&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ev\u00e8nement Brutal","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/evenement-brutal\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mediterranee.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2646,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/salinite-en-chute-libre-dans-latlantique-nord\/","url_meta":{"origin":21395,"position":5},"title":"Salinit\u00e9 en chute libre dans l&rsquo;Atlantique Nord","author":"Admin","date":"12 janvier 2005","format":false,"excerpt":"Nous savons qu'une Glaciation sera pr\u00e9curseuse de signes qui ne pourront tromper personne. Pour qu'elle puisse \u00eatre activ\u00e9e, il faut que le Gulf Stream s'arr\u00e8te. Ce qui active la descente du Gulf Stream dans les profondeurs de l'Atlantique, c'est la quantit\u00e9 de salinit\u00e9 qu'il contient. Ainsi un apport d'eau douce\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Courants Marins&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Courants Marins","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/circulation-oceanique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21395"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21395\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21402,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21395\/revisions\/21402"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}