{"id":20172,"date":"2019-12-14T17:00:02","date_gmt":"2019-12-14T16:00:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=20172"},"modified":"2019-11-24T17:15:59","modified_gmt":"2019-11-24T16:15:59","slug":"les-vikings-face-au-climat-et-de-leur-fin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-vikings-face-au-climat-et-de-leur-fin\/","title":{"rendered":"Les vikings face au climat et de leur fin"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Au cours de l\u2019histoire, plusieurs peuples ont subi les affres du climat : s\u00e9cheresses extr\u00eames, chute des temp\u00e9ratures\u2026 Les Vikings ont fini par dispara\u00eetre, faute de pouvoir s\u2019adapter au changement.<\/p>\n<p>Un peu avant l\u2019an 1000 de notre \u00e8re, le navigateur viking Erik le Rouge colonise le Groenland. Le long de la c\u00f4te ouest de l\u2019\u00eele sont cr\u00e9\u00e9es de nombreuses petites communaut\u00e9s qui \u00e9l\u00e8vent bovins et ovins. Les colons profitent d\u2019un climat plus doux qu\u2019aujourd\u2019hui. C\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9poque de l\u2019optimum m\u00e9di\u00e9val : l\u2019Europe conna\u00eet un certain r\u00e9chauffement. Des conditions qui permettent \u00e0 la colonie de se d\u00e9velopper jusqu\u2019\u00e0 atteindre 6 000 habitants, selon Thomas McGovern, sp\u00e9cialiste am\u00e9ricain des Vikings.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/x1t2mMb526k?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>\u00c0 l\u2019or\u00e9e du XIVe si\u00e8cle, tout bascule. La colonie se d\u00e9peuple et l\u2019activit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique chute brutalement. Que s\u2019est-il pass\u00e9 ? Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude de carottes de glace, des scientifiques de l\u2019universit\u00e9 Brown (\u00c9tats-Unis) sont r\u00e9cemment parvenus \u00e0 reconstituer 5 600 ans d\u2019histoire du climat au Groenland. R\u00e9sultat : d\u00e8s le XIIe si\u00e8cle, les temp\u00e9ratures commencent \u00e0 chuter, avant que ne d\u00e9bute le petit \u00e2ge glaciaire. La saison chaude raccourcit et le cheptel diminue. Les glaces s\u2019\u00e9tendent, emp\u00eachant les navires d\u2019accoster. Le ravitaillement devient quasiment impossible. La famine qui menace oblige les Vikings \u00e0 quitter cette \u00eele qu\u2019Erik le Rouge leur avait promis verte et abondante. Ceux qui restent p\u00e9riront rapidement de malnutrition.<\/p>\n<p>Mais le Groenland ne demeure pas inhabit\u00e9. Subsistent les Inuits, qui vivent sur l\u2019\u00eele depuis des mill\u00e9naires. Comment expliquer que les Vikings aient d\u00fb plier bagage alors que les Inuits ont surv\u00e9cu jusqu\u2019\u00e0 nos jours ? Les chercheurs avancent une raison simple. Plut\u00f4t que de pratiquer la p\u00eache et de chasser le phoque comme leurs voisins Inuits, ils ont pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 s\u2019en tenir \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9levage \u2014 la possession de b\u00eates \u00e9tant alors un marqueur important du pouvoir. Mais l\u2019\u00e9levage a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9cimer les for\u00eats de l\u2019\u00eele. Les sols mis \u00e0 nu ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9rosion des sols, emp\u00eachant ainsi le renouvellement du cheptel. Et lorsque le froid est arriv\u00e9, la nourriture vient \u00e0 manquer.<\/p>\n<p>source : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.fr\/histoire\/le-declin-des-vikings-recit-dune-fin-annoncee\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.fr<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"20172\">(1657)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Au cours de l\u2019histoire, plusieurs peuples ont subi les affres du climat : s\u00e9cheresses extr\u00eames, chute des temp\u00e9ratures\u2026 Les Vikings&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20173,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Les vikings face au climat et de leur fin @laterredufutur.com Terra Projects","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[33],"tags":[41,1609,159,684,709],"class_list":["post-20172","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archeologie","tag-climat","tag-disparition","tag-groenland","tag-video","tag-vikings","wpcat-33-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/viking.jpg?fit=960%2C720&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-5fm","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":23858,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/pourquoi-les-vikings-ont-ils-mysterieusement-quitte-le-groenland-nous-pourrions-enfin-en-connaitre-la-raison\/","url_meta":{"origin":20172,"position":0},"title":"Pourquoi les Vikings ont-ils myst\u00e9rieusement quitt\u00e9 le Groenland ? Nous pourrions enfin en conna\u00eetre la raison","author":"Admin","date":"25 mars 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Pendant pr\u00e8s de quatre si\u00e8cles, la c\u00f4te sud du Groenland a constitu\u00e9 la limite occidentale de l'occupation viking. S\u00e9duits par des visions de collines verdoyantes et de terres fertiles, des vagues de migrants nordiques ont pris la mer \u00e0 la fin du Xe si\u00e8cle dans l'espoir d'une vie plus facile.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/vikings.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/vikings.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/vikings.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/vikings.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/vikings.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":18361,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/une-etude-montre-que-les-vikings-ont-pu-profiter-dun-groenland-plus-chaud-que-prevu\/","url_meta":{"origin":20172,"position":1},"title":"Une \u00e9tude montre que les Vikings ont pu profiter d&rsquo;un Groenland plus chaud que pr\u00e9vu","author":"Admin","date":"9 f\u00e9vrier 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"La chimie de punaises emprisonn\u00e9es dans d'anciens s\u00e9diments lacustres montre un climat chaud \u00e0 un moment cl\u00e9 de l'histoire du Groenland. Une nouvelle \u00e9tude pourrait r\u00e9soudre un vieux d\u00e9bat sur la duret\u00e9 des Vikings. Bien que la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision et les films d\u00e9crivent les Vikings comme des \u00eatres robustes, affrontant des\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Groenland-Viking.jpg?fit=969%2C700&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Groenland-Viking.jpg?fit=969%2C700&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Groenland-Viking.jpg?fit=969%2C700&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Groenland-Viking.jpg?fit=969%2C700&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19962,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/quand-les-vikings-commercaient-avec-les-amerindiens\/","url_meta":{"origin":20172,"position":2},"title":"Quand les Vikings commer\u00e7aient avec les Am\u00e9rindiens","author":"Admin","date":"22 novembre 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Les fibres avaient quelque chose de bizarre. Elles ne cadraient pas. Patricia Sutherland le rep\u00e9ra tout de suite : elles avaient un aspect \u00e9trangement duveteux, d\u2019une grande douceur au toucher. Ces brins de cordage provenaient d\u2019un village abandonn\u00e9, \u00e0 la pointe septentrionale de l\u2019\u00eele de Baffin, au Canada. Bien au-del\u00e0\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/carte-Vikings.jpg?fit=885%2C735&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/carte-Vikings.jpg?fit=885%2C735&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/carte-Vikings.jpg?fit=885%2C735&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/carte-Vikings.jpg?fit=885%2C735&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":23244,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/les-vikings-vivaient-en-amerique-du-nord-en-lan-1021-ap-jc\/","url_meta":{"origin":20172,"position":3},"title":"Les Vikings vivaient en Am\u00e9rique du Nord en l&rsquo;an 1021 ap JC","author":"Admin","date":"21 octobre 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Les Vikings sont arriv\u00e9s en Am\u00e9rique, il y a mille ans, des si\u00e8cles avant Christophe Colomb, bien qu'on ne sache pas exactement quand, selon une \u00e9quipe internationale de scientifiques qui ont montr\u00e9 que les Europ\u00e9ens \u00e9taient actifs en Am\u00e9rique d\u00e8s l'an 1021, rapportent-ils dans la revue Nature. Les Vikings ont\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/vikings.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/vikings.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/vikings.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/vikings.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/vikings.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":564,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/changement-climatique-abrupte\/","url_meta":{"origin":20172,"position":4},"title":"Changement climatique abrupte","author":"Admin","date":"9 octobre 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Lien apport\u00e9 par Julien - Voici un documentaire qui explique ce qu'est un\u00a0changement climatique abrupte. Dans un monde o\u00f9 l'on parle continuellement de r\u00e9chauffement climatique, ici on revoit l'Histoire depuis l'\u00e9poque du Dryas. Les carottes nous d\u00e9voilent des perturbations oc\u00e9aniques m\u00eame pendant le Petit Age Glaciaire - PAG (XIV eme\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Climat&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Climat","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/climat\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"froid","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/froid-futur.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":25114,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/comment-une-ancienne-eruption-solaire-a-marque-le-debut-de-lere-viking\/","url_meta":{"origin":20172,"position":5},"title":"Comment une ancienne \u00e9ruption solaire a marqu\u00e9 le d\u00e9but de l&rsquo;\u00e8re viking","author":"Admin","date":"4 ao\u00fbt 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Au d\u00e9but de ce que l'on appelle l'\u00e2ge des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres, l'Europe subit calamit\u00e9 sur calamit\u00e9. L'Empire romain s'est effondr\u00e9 \u00e0 la fin du cinqui\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. Les \u00e9ruptions volcaniques du milieu du sixi\u00e8me si\u00e8cle ont occult\u00e9 le soleil, provoquant de tr\u00e8s mauvaises r\u00e9coltes et des famines dans tout l'h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord. Entre-temps,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/viking.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/viking.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/viking.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/viking.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/viking.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20172"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20172\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20174,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20172\/revisions\/20174"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20173"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}