{"id":10933,"date":"2016-02-15T00:00:59","date_gmt":"2016-02-14T23:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/?p=10933"},"modified":"2016-02-08T15:24:18","modified_gmt":"2016-02-08T14:24:18","slug":"homo-sapiens-a-vaincu-neandertal-grace-aux-chiens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/homo-sapiens-a-vaincu-neandertal-grace-aux-chiens\/","title":{"rendered":"Homo Sapiens a vaincu N\u00e9andertal gr\u00e2ce aux chiens"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nos anc\u00eatres Homo Sapiens ont conduit l\u2019homme de Neandertal \u00e0 l\u2019extinction il y a environ 40.000 ans. Et s\u2019ils ont vaincu et d\u00e9truit leurs rivaux, c\u2019est notamment gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019aide des chiens tr\u00e8s peu de temps apr\u00e8s que ces derniers aient \u00e9volu\u00e9 pour se diff\u00e9rencier de leurs anc\u00eatres les loups. C\u2019est la th\u00e8se d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par l\u2019anthropologue Pat Shipman dans son dernier livre The Invaders (Les envahisseurs).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Utilisant des fossiles et des \u00e9tudes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques, Pat Shipman explique \u00e0 Science News que l\u2019Homo Sapiens d\u2019Europe a utilis\u00e9 les premiers chiens pour traquer et regrouper ses proies ce qui \u00e9tait d\u2019une importance capitale pour un chasseur qui utilisait avant tout la lance. Incapable de rivaliser, l\u2019homme de Neandertal et plusieurs grands animaux carnivores ont tout simplement disparu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les interrogations et les pol\u00e9miques sur l\u2019homme de Neandertal, ses capacit\u00e9s, les raisons de sa disparition et sa rivalit\u00e9 avec l\u2019Homo Sapiens existent depuis plus d\u2019un si\u00e8cle. Elles ne vont pas dispara\u00eetre avec la nouvelle th\u00e8se de Pat Shipman. Mais la scientifique d\u00e9montre de fa\u00e7on convaincante que notre anc\u00eatre \u00e9tait le plus redoutable des pr\u00e9dateurs. Il a ,au cours des 200.000 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, envahi peu \u00e0 peu tous les habitats , remplac\u00e9 et fait disparaitre la quasi-totalit\u00e9 des pr\u00e9dateurs rivaux.<\/p><div class=\"1665f18d14f35dd9e7566e1a8ac9a3e9\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2860849627502538\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3019501113\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il y a 42.000 ans, juste quelques milliers d\u2019ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s que les Homo Sapiens aient atteint l\u2019Europe qui \u00e9tait le territoire de l\u2019homme de Neandertal, ce dernier a vu r\u00e9tr\u00e9cir la zone g\u00e9ographique qu\u2019il contr\u00f4lait et ses activit\u00e9s de chasse d\u00e9cliner. C\u2019est ce que montrent de nombreux \u00e9l\u00e9ments arch\u00e9ologiques. Des preuves g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques permettent aussi de dire que le nombre d\u2019hommes de Neandertal a baiss\u00e9 \u00e0 la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode tout comme celui d\u2019autres grands pr\u00e9dateurs europ\u00e9ens comme l\u2019ours des cavernes. Leurs extinctions ont \u00e9t\u00e9 parall\u00e8les.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Des sites arch\u00e9ologiques europ\u00e9ens vieux de 36.000 ans o\u00f9 des mammouths ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9s rec\u00e8lent aussi des traces de cr\u00e9atures s\u2019apparentant \u00e0 des loups que certains chercheurs consid\u00e8rent comme \u00e9tant les premiers chiens. \u00abSi les Homo Sapiens ont domestiqu\u00e9 les loups peu de temps apr\u00e8s \u00eatre arriv\u00e9s en Europe, des assistants canins pour la chasse ont pu permettre d\u2019avoir un bien meilleur acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la viande de Mammouth tr\u00e8s riche en graisse\u00bb, explique Pat Shipman.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cette derni\u00e8re reconna\u00eet qu\u2019il existe encore des inconnues dans le sc\u00e9nario de l\u2019association avec le chien comme \u00e9tape d\u00e9cisive de l\u2019\u00e9volution de notre esp\u00e8ce. Certains scientifiques ne sont pas s\u00fbrs que les fossiles consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme ceux de chiens ne sont pas en fait des cr\u00e2nes de loups. Mais il est ind\u00e9niable que la coop\u00e9ration \u00e9troite entre l\u2019Homo Sapiens et le chien a apport\u00e9 aux deux esp\u00e8ces des moyens bien plus importants de survie.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">source :\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.slate.fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"10933\">(897)<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nos anc\u00eatres Homo Sapiens ont conduit l\u2019homme de Neandertal \u00e0 l\u2019extinction il y a environ 40.000 ans. Et s\u2019ils ont&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9234,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[33],"tags":[5519,430,3463,484,1998,251],"class_list":["post-10933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archeologie","tag-chiens","tag-etude","tag-fossiles","tag-homo-sapiens","tag-neandertal","tag-origine","wpcat-33-id"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/ao-neandertal.png?fit=979%2C768&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p631RN-2Ql","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":16514,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/nos-ancetres-se-sont-melanges-avec-une-autre-espece-humaine-a-plusieurs-reprises\/","url_meta":{"origin":10933,"position":0},"title":"Nos anc\u00eatres se sont m\u00e9lang\u00e9s avec une autre esp\u00e8ce humaine\u2026 \u00e0 plusieurs reprises","author":"Admin","date":"16 avril 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"L\u2019Homme de Denisova et l\u2019Homme de Neandertal ont tous deux cohabit\u00e9 avec l\u2019Homo Sapiens. Quand Neandertal se d\u00e9veloppait \u00e0 l\u2019ouest, l\u2019Homme de Denisova \u00e9tait localis\u00e9 plus \u00e0 l\u2019est. Si on sait que l\u2019Homme de Neandertal et l\u2019Homme de Denisova ont eu des relations sexuelles avec l\u2019Homo Sapiens, une nouvelle \u00e9tude\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/neandertal-denisova.jpg?fit=600%2C375&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/neandertal-denisova.jpg?fit=600%2C375&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/neandertal-denisova.jpg?fit=600%2C375&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":22672,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/le-fossile-de-lhomme-dragon-homo-longi-pourrait-remplacer-lhomme-de-neandertal-comme-notre-plus-proche-parent\/","url_meta":{"origin":10933,"position":1},"title":"Le fossile de l&rsquo;homme-dragon (Homo Longi) pourrait remplacer l&rsquo;homme de N\u00e9andertal comme notre plus proche parent","author":"Admin","date":"27 juin 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Un ancien fossile humain presque parfaitement conserv\u00e9, connu sous le nom de cr\u00e2ne de Harbin, se trouve au mus\u00e9e des g\u00e9osciences de l'universit\u00e9 Hebei GEO. Ce cr\u00e2ne, le plus grand des cr\u00e2nes d'Homo connus, repr\u00e9sente, selon les scientifiques, une nouvelle d\u00e9couverte d'une esp\u00e8ce humaine, l'Homo longi ou \"homme dragon\". Leurs\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/homo-harbin-homme-dragon.jpg?fit=932%2C582&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/homo-harbin-homme-dragon.jpg?fit=932%2C582&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/homo-harbin-homme-dragon.jpg?fit=932%2C582&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/homo-harbin-homme-dragon.jpg?fit=932%2C582&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":10421,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/homo-sapiens\/","url_meta":{"origin":10933,"position":2},"title":"Homo Sapiens","author":"Admin","date":"9 janvier 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Les plus anciens membres de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce Homo sapiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couverts en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest. Des recherches r\u00e9centes sugg\u00e8rent pourtant que les hommes modernes seraient apparus simultan\u00e9ment dans plusieurs r\u00e9gions d\u2019Afrique. En outre, nos anc\u00eatres ont continu\u00e9 de se reproduire avec d\u2019autres sous-esp\u00e8ces d\u2019Homo, amplifiant leur diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique. M\u00e9tissage salvateur\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/homo-sapiens-le-documentaire.jpg?fit=442%2C228&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":9233,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/ao-le-dernier-neandertal\/","url_meta":{"origin":10933,"position":3},"title":"AO Le Dernier N\u00e9andertal","author":"Admin","date":"22 novembre 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Pendant trois cent mille ans, les N\u00e9andertaliens ont occup\u00e9 l'Europe, mais leur esp\u00e8ce tend \u00e0 dispara\u00eetre : elle ne compte qu\u2019un seul repr\u00e9sentant, Ao. Son clan ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 an\u00e9anti par des Homo sapiens, Ao commence \u00e0 errer, sans cesse poursuivi par la vision de son fr\u00e8re Oa et d\u00e9cid\u00e9 \u00e0\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/ao-neandertal.png?fit=979%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/ao-neandertal.png?fit=979%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/ao-neandertal.png?fit=979%2C768&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/ao-neandertal.png?fit=979%2C768&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":17434,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/genes-fantomes-des-traces-mysterieuses-presentes-dans-le-genome-humain\/","url_meta":{"origin":10933,"position":4},"title":"G\u00e8nes fant\u00f4mes : des traces myst\u00e9rieuses pr\u00e9sentes dans le g\u00e9nome humain","author":"Admin","date":"26 janvier 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Qu'Homo Sapiens et N\u00e9andertal aient fricot\u00e9 ensemble, on le savait. Mais plus surprenant, des chercheurs ont trouv\u00e9 des liaisons cach\u00e9es avec des populations \u00e9teintes dont nous nous n\u2019avons jamais entendu parler ! Explications. Il y a quelques mois, des d\u00e9couvertes majeures r\u00e9alis\u00e9es gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la g\u00e9n\u00e9tique ont permis d\u2019\u00e9clairer d\u2019un\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/adn-fantome-homo-sapiens.jpg?fit=584%2C328&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/adn-fantome-homo-sapiens.jpg?fit=584%2C328&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/adn-fantome-homo-sapiens.jpg?fit=584%2C328&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":17827,"url":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/detranges-dents-humaines-decouvertes-dans-le-nord-de-la-chine\/","url_meta":{"origin":10933,"position":5},"title":"D&rsquo;\u00e9tranges dents humaines d\u00e9couvertes dans le nord de la Chine","author":"Admin","date":"18 janvier 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Ces dents pourraient avoir appartenu \u00e0 un cousin asiatique de l'homme moderne dont nous ne savons pas grand-chose : l'homme de Denisova. Ce sont de bien myst\u00e9rieuses dents qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvertes \u00e0 Xujiayao, dans le nord de la Chine. Mis au jour dans les ann\u00e9es 70, ce site est\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Arch\u00e9ologie&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Arch\u00e9ologie","link":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/sujets\/archeologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/dents-denisova.jpg?fit=680%2C382&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/dents-denisova.jpg?fit=680%2C382&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/dents-denisova.jpg?fit=680%2C382&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10933"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10933\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10963,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10933\/revisions\/10963"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laterredufutur.com\/accueil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}